| 广州市主要湖泊沉积物磷的赋存形态 |
| Phosphorus Speciation in Sediments of Major Lakes in Guangzhou City |
| 投稿时间：2021-11-30 修订日期：2022-01-15 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202111300399 |
| 中文关键词:广州 城市湖泊 沉积物 磷形态 |
| 英文关键词:Guangzhou city urban lake sediment phosphorus forms |
| 基金项目:国家重大科技专项（2013ZX07105-005-02） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以广州市主要城市湖泊为研究对象，从环境地球化学角度阐明沉积物中磷的总量、主要赋存形态与其潜在释放风险和环境效应的内在联系，为广州市城市湖泊环境特征评估及后续的生态修复提供基础数据和理论支撑。2016-2017年对广州市8个主要城市湖泊花都湖、白云湖、东山湖、流花湖、天河湖、海珠湖、荔湾湖、麓湖表层沉积物的总磷（TP）及各形态磷的含量与分布特征进行了研究，并运用单因子污染指数法和生物有效性指数法对沉积物磷污染程度进行了评价。结果表明：广州市湖泊表层沉积物TP含量为368~5 276 mg/kg，平均3 277 mg/kg，其分布特征表现为东山湖>白云湖>花都湖>流花湖>天河湖>荔湾湖>麓湖>海珠湖。TP中以无机磷（IP）为主要存在形式，占TP含量的67.56%~87.44%，IP中又以铁结合态磷（Fe-P）为主，占TP含量的32.77%~60.24%，均值为42.88%。相关分析表明TP与Fe-P和有机磷OP，Fe-P与De-P，Ca-P与OP呈显著的正相关关系，表明其来源的相似性。通过分析可将广州市湖泊分为受珠江干流直接影响、接纳河涌入水、相对封闭和无明显外源输入4类湖泊，表明输入源是决定广州市湖泊沉积物磷含量与分布特征的主要因素，工业废水、生活污水是主要污染源。单因子污染指数与生物有效性指数评价结果显示广州市湖泊沉积物整体处于重度磷污染水平。加强对市区湖泊沉积物内源磷释放机制和控制措施的研究，对于科学管理城市水体至关重要。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The content and distribution of total phosphorus, and its speciation, were studied in surface sediments of the major urban lakes in Guangzhou City. The internal relationship of the total amount and primary forms of phosphorus were then linked to the risk of release, and the potential environmental effects were clarified from the perspective of environmental geochemistry. Our objective was to provide basic data and theoretical support for the environmental assessment of urban lakes in Guangzhou and their subsequent ecological restoration. From November 2016 to January 2017, sediment samples were collected at 47 sites in eight lakes of Guangzhou City (Huadu Lake, Baiyun Lake, Dongshan Lake, Liuhua Lake, Tianhe Lake, Haizhu Lake, Liwan Lake and Luhu Lake) for determination of phosphorus content and forms in surface sediments. Moreover, the degree of pollution in surface sediments were assessed using the single-factor pollution index and bioavailability index. The total content of phosphorus in the surface sediments of Guangzhou lakes was in the range of 368 -5 276 mg/kg, with an average value of 3 277 mg/kg. The phosphorus content of sediments was in the following order: Dongshan Lake > Baiyun Lake > Huadu Lake > Liuhua Lake > Tianhe Lake > Liwan Lake > Luhu Lake > Haizhu Lake. Most of the sediment phosphorus was inorganic phosphorus (IP) (67.56%-87.44%) in the form of Iron-bound phosphorus (Fe-P) that ranged from 32.77% to 60.24% and averaged 42.88%. The following significant positive correlations indicate similar sources of phosphorus: TP with Fe-P and organic phosphorus (OP), and Fe-P with residual phosphorus (De-P), calcium-bound inorganic phosphorus (Ca-P) and OP. Based on the results, the Guangzhou lakes were classified into four types: (1) lakes affected directly by the mainstream of the Pearl River, (2) lakes receiving inputs from rivers, (3) lakes separated from other water bodies, and (4) lakes with no significant exogenous inputs. There was a weak trend towards decreased degree of sediment pollution from lake types 1 to 4, indicating that the content and distribution of phosphorus in the sediment of lakes of Guangzhou City is primarily controlled by exogenous sources, particularly industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. Overall, the phosphorus pollution in sediments of lakes in Guangzhou City is serious. For scientific management of urban water bodies, it is very important to strengthen the study of mechanisms and control measures for the release of endogenous phosphorus from urban lake sediments. |
| 唐梦瑶,周雯,乔永民,杨洪允,秦云霞,陈瑞.2023.广州市主要湖泊沉积物磷的赋存形态[J].水生态学杂志,44(2):54-63. |
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