| 乌东德水电站库尾栖息地水力生境优化调度 |
| Optimization of Hydraulic Conditions in the Tailwater Habitat of Wudongde Hydropower Station |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-15 修订日期：2021-11-25 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202109150321 |
| 中文关键词:乌东德水电站 库尾河段 栖息地 水力生境 |
| 英文关键词:Wudongde hydropower station reservoir tailwater reach habitat hydraulic habitat |
| 基金项目:中国三峡建设管理有限公司公司科研项目（合同编号：JG/18011B） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 金沙江乌东德水电站库尾河段是乌东德、白鹤滩水电站栖息地保护体系的重要组成部分，该河段受上游观音岩、金沙以及桐子林等水电站非恒定流下泄影响，河段流速、水深等水力条件变化频繁且复杂，河段栖息地保护功能和效果难以保障。为调控栖息地保护河段水位变幅和流速，改善鱼类产卵适宜的水力生境，采用MIKE21进行模拟计算，研究在3―4月裂腹鱼类产卵期对上游梯级下泄流量过程和下游乌东德水库运行水位的控制要求。结果表明，从水深适宜度看，在3―4月特定流量条件下，乌东德水电站运行水位应在974.0～974.5 m；为营造较为适宜的流速，裂腹鱼类产卵繁殖期间，乌东德水电站库水位应维持在974.5 m附近。当上游梯级下泄流量时段内变幅小于1 600 m3/s，下游乌东德水库库水位保持在974.0～974.5 m，可控制河段水深在0.5～1.5 m、流速在1.5～2.5 m/s的适宜阈值区间变动。研究可为进一步提升乌东德库尾栖息地保护河段功能及其保护价值提供技术参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The tailwater flowing from Wudongde hydropower station is an important part of the habitat protection system of Wudongde and Baihetan hydropower stations and it is affected by variable discharges from upstream hydropower stations, particularly in March and April. Hydraulic conditions of the tailwater reach, including velocity and water depth, frequently change, producing complex effects on habitat quality and complicating habitat protection. In this study, we analyzed changes in the hydraulic parameters in tailwaters from Wudongde hydropower station using the curvilinear flow model MIKE21. The results were then used to explore appropriate threshold ranges of water depth and velocity necessary to trigger spawning of Schizothoracinae species during March and April, to be obtained by coordinating the operation of upstream and downstream reservoirs. The average daily water flow at Sanduizi hydrographic station was in the range 940-2 500 m3/s from late March to late April. Conditions for spawning and breeding of Schizothoracinae species include a water depth range of 0.5-1.5m and a flow velocity range of 1.5-2.5m/s. This, in turn, requires a daily variation of downstream cascade discharge < 1 600m3/s, and a water level range in Wudongde reservoir of 974.0-974.5 m. This study provides technical guidance for improving habitat function and value in the reservoir tailwater reach of Wudongde hydropower station. |
| 樊 皓,张登成.2023.乌东德水电站库尾栖息地水力生境优化调度[J].水生态学杂志,44(5):18-24. |
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