| 密云水库库区不同植物篱模式下的氮磷阻控效应 |
| Nitrogen and Phosphorus Interception and the Control Effected by Different Hedgerow Patterns in the Miyun Reservoir Area |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-04 修订日期：2021-10-03 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.:202108040268 |
| 中文关键词:土壤 径流 植物篱模式 坡耕地 氮磷流失 |
| 英文关键词:soil runoff hedgerow pattern sloping farmland nitrogen and phosphorus loss |
| 基金项目:北京市农林科学院青年基金（QNJJ2022014）；北京市乡村振兴科技项目（远山区固土保水林药种植关键技术试验示范）；北京市农林科学院创新能力专项（KJCX20220406）；北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所自主立项课题（YZS201910）；联合国开发计划署项目（The UNDP Project）——密云水库面源污染生态控制与环境可持续发展研究 (cpr/19/401) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探讨不同植物篱对坡耕地地表径流、泥沙和养分的拦截效率及其影响因素，为密云水库水源保护区控制坡耕地氮磷流失提供技术参考。设置“桔梗+狗牙根”“丹参+狗牙根”“桑树+野牛草”“黄芩+野牛草”4种不同的植物篱模式，分析不同植物篱模式下径流小区的产流和产沙情况，监测2020年天然降水条件下的地表径流、泥沙以及养分情况。结果表明：1）4种植物篱种植模式都能够起到截流减沙，减轻水环境富营养化的作用，从而避免对下游水体的污染。其中桑树+野牛草植物篱效果最为显著，大雨雨强下可以减流57.96%，减沙96.64%，暴雨雨强下可以减流64.63%，减沙97.17%；对氮的相对拦截量26 mg/L，相对拦截率约88.27％；对磷的相对拦截量为 5.34 mg/L，相对拦截率约80.72%，能有效减少地表径流中的氮、磷含量。 2）在考虑经济效益、社会效益和生态效益下，开展植物篱防控面源污染工作中，最佳的物种选择为桑树+野牛草，其次为黄芩+野牛草。野牛草在保持水土流失，防控面源污染方面效果十分显著，可以作为水土保持的先锋植物予以推广。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Miyun Reservoir is an important drinking water source for Beijing and has long been an important conservation area. Because of high nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) loss from cultivated land around Miyun Reservoir, we studied the effect of different hedgerow treatments on stormwater runoff, sediment loading and nutrient interception from the sloping farmland around Miyun Reservoir using statistical analysis of plot runoff test results. A rational scientific agroforestry model for the land around Miyun Reservoir was then developed. Four treatments and a control were tested in triplicate, requiring a total of 15 runoff plots. The control (CK) was a bare plot and each treatment was a combination of two hedgerow species: (T1) Platycodon grandiflorus + Cynodon dactylon, (T2) Salvia miltiorrhiza + Cynodon dactylon), (T3) Morus alba + Buchloe dactyloides, (T4) Scutellaria baicalensis + Buchloe dactyloides. Surface runoff volume and the sediment and nutrient content of the runoff were monitored under natural conditions in 2020, during six rainfall events that produced surface runoff. Results show that: (1) The four hedgerow treatments all reduced flow, and downstream sediment and nutrient pollution, consequently reducing water environment eutrophication. The volume of runoff among the four hedgerow planting combinations were in the order: Morus alba + Buchloe dactyloides < Scutellaria baicalensis +Buchloe dactyloides < Platycodon grandiflorus + Cynodon dactylon < Salvia miltiorrhiza + Cynodon dactylon. The Morus alba + Buchloe dactyloides combination was most effective, reducing surface flow by 57.96% and sediment by 96.64% after heavy rain, and by 64.63% and 97.17%, respectively, after moderate rain. This combination also effectively reduced the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface runoff, phosphorus by 5.34 mg/L (80.72%) and nitrogen by 26Mg/L (88.27%). (2) Considering the economic, social and ecological benefits, the best hedgerow combination for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution is Morus alba + Buchloe dactyloides, followed by Scutellaria baicalensis +Buchloe dactyloides. Buchloe dactyloides (bison grass) is very effective in preventing soil loss and preventing water pollution and it should be popularized as a pioneer plant for controlling non-point source pollution. |
| 王 磊,索琳娜,魏 丹,金 梁,丁建莉,苏刘燕,安志装.2023.密云水库库区不同植物篱模式下的氮磷阻控效应[J].水生态学杂志,44(3):35-41. |
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