| 淮河干流水环境质量时空变化特征及污染趋势分析 |
| Temporal and Spatial Variation of Water Quality and Pollution Trend of Huaihe River |
| 投稿时间：2021-06-29 修订日期：2021-08-06 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202106290209 |
| 中文关键词:淮河，水环境质量，污染特征，污染因子，变化趋势 |
| 英文关键词:Huaihe River water environment quality pollution characteristics pollution factors change trends |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究淮河水质时空变化趋势，为淮河生态环境保护提供科学依据。选取1999-2019年淮河干流9个典型断面长序列水质数据，采用单因子评价法和综合污染指数法，对20年来淮河干流水环境质量进行评价，同时运用spearman秩相关系数法、Mann-Kendall检验法研究淮河水质及主要污染因子变化趋势和突变特征。结果表明：Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水质断面比例总体呈上升趋势，1999年劣Ⅴ类水质断面占44.4%，2007年后无Ⅴ类、劣Ⅴ类水质断面；综合污染指数从1999年的1.35逐步下降至2019年的0.42；氨氮、化学需氧量、高锰酸盐指数和五日生化需氧量浓度均呈显著下降趋势，总磷浓度呈显著上升趋势；非汛期总磷浓度变化稳定，汛期总磷浓度显著上升；淮南大沟涧、吴家渡断面水质相对较差、年际变化幅度大，老坝头断面水质较好、年际变化幅度较小。淮河干流主要污染因子发生结构性转变，由氨氮、化学需氧量、高锰酸盐指数逐渐转变为总磷，说明流域面源污染特征逐步显现，农业面源污染的控制已成为改善淮河流域水环境的重要任务。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Studying the temporal and spatial trends in a river’s water quality provides a scientific basis for protecting the ecology of the river system. In this study, using water quality data for the river from 1999 to 2019, we explored the spatiotemporal variations of water quality in the Huaihe River and variations in the concentration of each primary pollutant. Twenty-three surface water quality parameters, monitored at nine transects on the main stem of Huaihe River, were used to evaluate water quality over the 20 year period, using both the single factor method and the comprehensive pollution index (CPI). Spearman rank correlation and the Mann-Kendall test were used to analyze water quality trends and identify the primary pollutants. Results show that water quality in the Huaihe River improved significantly from 1999 to 2019. The percentage of transects meeting Class Ⅰ-Ⅲ water quality standards increased, and transects with water quality inferior to Class Ⅴ accounted for 44.4% of those monitored in 1999, no transects with water quality of Class Ⅴ or below occurred after 2007. The CPI of Huaihe River decreased continuously from 1.35 in 1999 to 0.42 in 2019. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient of the CPI for all transects decreased significantly, ranging from -0.694 to -0.977. The concentration of the ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3), chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), permanganate index (CODMn)and five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) all decreased significantly, while total phosphorus (TP) increased significantly. TP was stable in the non-flood season but increased significantly in the flood season. Spatially, water quality in the Huainan Dagoujian and Wujiadu transects was relatively poor, with a large seasonal variation, and water quality in the Laobatou transect was better, with less seasonal variation. The Mann-Kendall test showed major changes in the composition of primary pollutants entering Huaihe River, from N-NH3 and COD to TP. This indicates a reduction in point source pollution in the river basin and a gradual increase in non-point source pollution. Thus, control of agricultural non-point source pollution will be important for continued improvement of water quality in the Huaihe River basin. |
| 曾凤连,杨刚,王萍,焦海燕,张婷婷.2021.淮河干流水环境质量时空变化特征及污染趋势分析[J].水生态学杂志,42(5):86-94. |
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