| 新疆伊犁河浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系 |
| Phytoplankton Community Structure and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in the Yili River of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region |
| 投稿时间：2021-05-07 修订日期：2021-07-10 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202105070136 |
| 中文关键词:浮游植物 种群结构 多样性指数 水质评价 伊犁河 |
| 英文关键词:phytoplankton community structure diversity index water quality evaluation Yili River |
| 基金项目:西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查（农业农村部财政专项） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 了解伊犁河水域浮游植物群落结构特征及其与水环境因子之间的关系，为伊犁河的水环境评价与保护以及渔业资源的合理开发利用提供参考依据。于2019年6、9、12月对伊犁河流域的浮游植物进行了系统调查，分析了伊犁河干流、3条一级支流、3条二级支流及2个附属水库共23个样点的藻类群落结构特征及其与水质因子的关系。共采集到浮游植物7门88属141种，其中硅藻门70种（49.65%），绿藻门40种（28.37%），蓝藻门17种（12.06%），裸藻门、金藻门、甲藻门、隐藻门种类较少，分别为2种（1.42%），4种（2.84%）、3种（2.13%）和5种（3.55%），种类数表现为干流>1级支流>2级支流，水库绿藻门种类多于河流，隐藻门种类只在水库样本中出现。优势种主要为硅藻门的脆杆藻（Fragilaria sp.）、小环藻（Cyclotella sp.）、针杆藻（Synedra sp.）、舟形藻（Navicula sp.）、桥弯藻（Cymbella sp.）、异极藻（Gomphonema sp.），其中脆杆藻（Fragilaria sp.）为全流域全年优势种。伊犁河浮游植物细胞密度均值为30.77×104 个/L，生物量均值为0.67 mg/L，季节差异均表现为9月>6月>12月。Marglef物种丰富度、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数分别为2.86、0.85、2.48和0.75。河流样本受海拔、溶氧和总磷的影响较大，水库样本受水深、透明度和温度的影响较大。根据多样性指数和藻类丰度，伊犁河水质评价总体为轻度污染。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Characterizing the phytoplankton community structure is an important part of assessing the ecological environment. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation of phytoplankton community structure in the Yili River Basin, focusing on species composition, dominant species, spatial and temporal distribution, and community biodiversity. Physicochemical parameters of water in the basin were monitored as part of the investigation. The relationship of phytoplankton and water environmental parameters was analyzed and the water quality in Yili River was evaluated based on the phytoplankton biodiversity index and biomass. The aim of the study was to provide a reference for evaluating and conserving the aquatic environment and the rational utilization of the fishery resource. Yili River is the largest river in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and an international river that spans China and Kazakhstan. The Yili River basin in China includes the Tekes River, Gongnais River, Kashi River and other smaller tributaries. In June, September and December of 2019, a phytoplankton investigation was carried out at 23 sampling sites in the Yili River basin, representing the mainstream, primary tributaries and reservoirs. A total of 141 phytoplankton species were collected, representing 88 genera and 7 phyla, with absolute dominance by Bacillariophyta (70 species, 49.65%), followed by Chlorophyta (40 species, 28.37%), Cyanophyta (17 species, 12.06%), Cryptophyta (5 species, 3.55%), Chrysophyta (4 species, 2.84%), Dinophyta (3 species, 2.13%) and Euglenophyta (2 species, 1.42%). Species richness was highest in the mainstream of Yili River, followed by the primary tributaries and secondary tributaries. The number of Chlorophyta species in reservoirs was significantly higher than in rivers, and Cryptophyta were only observed in reservoir samples. Fragilaria sp., Cyclotella sp., Synedra sp., Navicula sp., Cymbella sp. and Gomphonema sp. (Bacillariophyta) were the dominant species, and Fragilaria sp. dominated the entire river basin in all seasons. The average phytoplankton cell density and biomass in Yili River were 30.77×104 cells/L and 0.67 mg/L, and the seasonal variation of both followed the order, September > June > December at all sites. Average values of phytoplankton community diversity indices were as follows: Margalef richness (d = 2.86), Simpson diversity (D = 0.85), Shannon-Wiener diversity (H' = 2.48), and Pielou evenness (J = 0.75). The river phytoplankton community was greatly affected by altitude, dissolved oxygen (DO) and total phosphorus (TP), and the reservoir community was greatly affected by water depth, transparency, and temperature. Based on the community diversity indices and phytoplankton abundance, water quality in Yili River is classified as lightly polluted. |
| 李晓莉,倪朝辉,彭 亮,陶 玲,代梨梨,李云峰,李 谷.2022.新疆伊犁河浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,43(6):59-68. |
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