| 赤水河流域鱼类物种、功能和分类多样性研究 |
| Species, Functional and Taxonomic Diversity of Fish in the Chishui River Basin |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-19 修订日期：2022-09-08 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202103190080 |
| 中文关键词:鱼类群落 功能性状 分类多样性 空间分布 赤水河 |
| 英文关键词:fish community functional traits taxonomic diversity spatial distribution Chishui River |
| 基金项目:云南省科技厅科技计划项目“赤水河流域绿色治理和发展技术研究及应用示范”（202203AC100001）；生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目（No. 2019HJ2096001006）；农业财政专项“长江渔业资源与环境调查”（No. CJDC-2017） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 淡水鱼类多样性格局研究目前大多集中在物种层面，通过结合不同层面的多样性指数对长江上游珍稀特有鱼类资源保护具有重要意义与生态价值。基于2019年和2020年对赤水河流域30个样区的鱼类调查数据，对鱼类物种丰富度（Richness）、Shannon-Weiner指数（H）、功能丰富度（FRic）、功能均匀度（FEve）、功能离散度（FDiv）、平均分类差异指数（Δ+）和分类差异变异指数（Λ+）等多样性指数的空间分布格局及其相关性进行了分析。结果显示，调查期间共采集到鱼类125种（亚种），隶属于7目、20科、80属；其中，土著鱼类112种（亚种），隶属于6目、17科、71属；外来鱼类13种（亚种），隶属于5目、6科、11属。7个多样性指数均呈显著的纵向梯度分布格局，上游到下游也呈增加趋势，但FEve、FDiv和Δ+指数在河段间的增量相对较小。不同生物多样性指数之间的相关性差异较大，从不显著到显著正相关。研究表明，与传统的物种多样性相比，功能和分类多样性指数能够反映河流鱼类纵向空间格局的不同信息。综合使用3种层面的多样性指数有助于更好地理解淡水鱼类分布格局，为鱼类资源保护提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Chishui River, in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, is an important component of the National Nature Reserve for rare and endemic fish. To date, studies on the biodiversity of freshwater fish in Chishui River have primarily focused on species distribution. It would thus be of significant ecological value to consider other aspects of fish community diversity in the basin. In this study, we explored the spatial variation and correlation of three different indices of fish community diversity in Chishui River: species diversity (fish species richness and Shannon-Weiner index), functional diversity (functional richness, evenness, and divergence), and taxonomic diversity (average taxonomic distinctness index and variation in taxonomic distinctness index).The aim was to provide scientific evidence for the management and conservation of fishery resources in Chishui River. In 2019 and 2020, a fishery resource survey was conducted at 30 sampling sites, covering the mainstem of Chishui River and an important tributary. To study the spatial patten, the fish community of Chishui River basin was divided into four sections: the upper, middle and lower reaches of Chishui River, and Xishui River. A total of 125 fish species and subspecies were collected, representing 80 genera, 20 families and 7 orders. There were 112 native species and subspecies (71 genera, 17 families and 6 orders) and 13 invasive species and subspecies (11 genera, 6 families and 5 orders). The seven diversity indices all displayed significant longitudinal gradients, increasing from the upper to lower reaches, with relatively small increases in functional evenness, functional divergence, and average taxonomic distinctness index. Correlation analysis shows that the relationship among the different biodiversity indices varied greatly, ranging from non-significant to a significant positive correlation. In summary, inclusion of functional and taxonomic diversity provided new insights into the spatial patterns of riverine fish. Combining different diversity indices results in a better understanding of riverine fish distribution patterns and provides a scientific basis for protecting and sustainably managing fish resources. |
| 夏治俊,刘 飞,余梵冬,唐 瑞,王剑伟.2022.赤水河流域鱼类物种、功能和分类多样性研究[J].水生态学杂志,43(5):89-98. |
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