| 基于Ecopath模型的筑坝河流浮游生物变化分析 |
| Analysis of Plankton Changes in Dammed Plateau Rivers based on Ecopath Modeling |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-31 修订日期：2020-10-21 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.05.014 |
| 中文关键词:筑坝河流 Ecopath模型 浮游生物 冗余分析 |
| 英文关键词:cascaded dams Ecopath model plankton redundancy analysis |
| 基金项目:国家自然基金（52070108&51669028）；青海省基础研究项目（2018-ZJ-712）；中国科学院“西部青年学者”项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 了解浮游生物对河流筑坝的响应，为高原河流的生态保护与可持续利用提供科学依据。基于野外调查、历史调研和室内实验，分别构建2007年（筑坝前）和2018年（筑坝后）火烧沟河流水生生态系统的Ecopath模型，通过对比分析筑坝前后的生态系统结构和功能及其系统特征，探讨筑坝对浮游生物的影响，并应用冗余分析（RDA）分析浮游生物与环境因子的相关性，识别出关键环境因子。结果表明，筑坝对浮游生物有显著影响，具体表现为：（1）浮游生物物种由2007年（筑坝前）的50种增加至2018年（筑坝后）的87种，密度和生物量均增加7.9倍，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数均显著增加，但Margalef丰富度指数降低；（2）Ecopath模型结果显示，筑坝后生态系统趋向稳定，其周转率的上升、食物链的转变及混合营养效应的变化是浮游生物变化的重要原因；（3）冗余分析表明，筑坝后总磷（TP）、总氮（TN）、水温（WT）是影响浮游生物群落分布的主要环境因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Huoshaogou River, located in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is a tributary of Huangshui River of the upper Yellow River. Since 2011, nine cascaded dams have been constructed on Huoshaogou River. The project included development of a wetland park and a sponge city, but the dams have significantly impacted the aquatic ecosystem. In this study, Huoshaogou River was used as a case study to explore the response of riverine plankton to damming. To assess the effects of damming the river on the aquatic ecosystem, and the phytoplankton response, Ecopath was used to model the Huoshaogou River in 2007 (before damming) and 2018 (after damming). Ecopath uses a mass-balance approach to quantify trophic flow in aquatic ecosystems and the data for developing the model was obtained from a field investigation conducted in June 2018 and historical data from July 2007, supplemented by laboratory experiments. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to analyze the relationship between the plankton community and environmental factors. The objective of the investigation was to provide scientific evidence to support ecosystem conservation and sustainable use of plateau river resources. Modeling results show that the cascaded dams constructed on Huoshaogou River significantly impacted plankton and there were three major findings: (1) The number of plankton species increased from 50 in 2007 to 87 in 2018, and average plankton density and biomass increased by a factor of 7.9. The Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness indices of plankton community significantly increased, but the Margalef richness index decreased. (2) The Ecopath model outputs indicate that the ecosystem was more stable after dam construction. Changes in the phytoplankton community were attributed to increased turnover rate and transformation of the primary food chain due to trophic mixing. (3) Redundancy analysis showed that total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and water temperature (WT) were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of plankton communities after damming. |
| 吴艺,尹心安,毛旭锋,林兆霞,张艳春,包先霞.2020.基于Ecopath模型的筑坝河流浮游生物变化分析[J].水生态学杂志,41(5):115-123. |
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