| 中国河湖沼系统时空变化特征及驱动力影响分析 |
| Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Forces of River-Lake-Marsh Systems in China |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-21 修订日期：2020-10-13 |
| DOI：DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.05.001 |
| 中文关键词:河湖沼系统 水资源 时空变化 驱动力 |
| 英文关键词:river-lake-marsh systems water resources spatiotemporal changes driving forces |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0404506; 国家自然基金青年基金项目（51709045）资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 河湖沼系统具有重要的水资源涵养及调节功能，对我国的经济发展、生态保护等具有十分重要的意义。本研究以中国河湖沼系统为研究对象，以土地利用类型数据为基础，采用ArcGIS空间分析法、转移矩阵及相关系数计算等方法，核算探究1990至2015年中国河湖沼系统水面率的时空变化特征及迁移转换趋势，在此基础上，定量及定性对我国河湖沼系统的变化驱动力影响开展分析及讨论。结果表明：（1）河湖沼系统主要分布在我国的东部地区，其中东北地区分布最为广泛，其次是长江区域中下游和西南地区；（2）我国河湖沼系统水面率在1990-2010年总体变化幅度较小，而2010-2015年有所增加，且河湖沼系统中水面率沼泽>湖泊>河流；（3）1990-2015年河湖沼主要与耕地、草地和林地之间发生地类的迁移转换，其中沼泽与草地间的迁移转化趋势更明显；（4）相关系数结果表明，人为因素与河湖沼系统变换相关性更显著，是河湖沼系统短期内时空变化的主要原因；自然因素对河湖沼系统时空变化的影响持久且稳定。本研究结果可为国家合理规划和配置水资源提供基础，对保障我国经济健康可持续发展具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Conservation and restoration of the river-lake-marsh system is crucial for maintaining the function of land surface water systems, improving national economic development and ecological protection. In this study, we explored the spatiotemporal changes and transition trends of the major river-lake-marsh systems in China from 1990 to 2015, aiming to provide data for the rational allocation and use of water resources, ecological protection and sustainable development of the national economy. Based on national land use data from 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, the nation was divided into ten primary water resource regions: the Yangtze River system, Yellow River system, Huaihe River system, Haihe River system, Pearl River system, Songhua River system, Liaohe River system, rivers in southeast, southwest and northwest China. The surface areas of the river-lake-marsh systems were analyzed using ArcGIS and a transfer matrix was developed. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out to explore the driving forces for changes in the river-lake-marsh systems. Results show that: (1) River-lake-marsh systems are primarily distributed in the eastern part of China, especially the northeast, followed by the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southwest. (2) From 1990 to 2010, the overall change in the water surface area of river-lake-marsh systems in China were relatively small, (2%), but with a significant increase (2.7%) in 2015. The water surface areas in the systems followed the order swamp > lake > river. (3) From 1990 to 2015, rivers, lakes and marshes were converted primarily to farmland, grassland and woodland. Among them, conversion of swampland to grassland was most obvious. (4) The water surface area of the river-lake-marsh systems correlated significantly with human factors. However, while human factors were the primary reason for short term spatiotemporal changes, natural factors had a more lasting and stable influence on the systems. |
| 余春雪,苏吉凯,郭倩,袁勇.2020.中国河湖沼系统时空变化特征及驱动力影响分析[J].水生态学杂志,41(5):1-12. |
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