| 长江莲花洲港不同水期底栖动物群落结构变化 |
| Seasonal Variation of Macrozoobenthos Community Structure at Lianhuazhou Port on the Lower Yangtze River |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-21 修订日期：2022-03-27 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075. 202006210183 |
| 中文关键词:莲花洲港 底栖动物 群落结构 环境因子 |
| 英文关键词:Lianhuazhou Port macrozoobenthos community structure environmental factors |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（National Key R&D Program of China）-2018YFD0900901；长江干线武汉至安庆段6 m水深航道整治工程探索生态涵养试验区建设理念及设计方法研究；中国水产科学研究院创新团队项目（2020TD09） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探讨长江莲花洲港不同水期大型底栖动物群落结构及其影响因素，可为长江干流水生态保护提供基础资料。在莲花洲港共设置15个采样点，于2019年8-9月（丰水期）、2019年10-11月（平水期）、2019年12月至2020年1月（枯水期）开展底栖动物与水体理化因子的调查监测，分析其种类组成、现存量、优势种及时空分布，并探究底栖动物群落结构与环境因子的关系。结果显示，莲花洲港采集到大型底栖动物40属（种），其中节肢动物21属（种），占总种类数的52.5%，软体动物10属（种），占25.0%，寡毛类6属（种），占15.0%，多毛类3属（种），占7.5%。底栖动物平均密度为66.35 个/m2，平均生物量为0.60 g/m2。不同水期底栖动物的优势种组成差异较为明显，尖叶大狐钩虾（Grandifoxus culpis）、齿吻沙蚕（Nephtys sp.）、围沙蚕（Perinereis sp.）分别为各水期优势度最大的优势种。基于底栖动物时空分布差异的双因素方差分析表明，底栖动物密度各水期无差异，改良区1和改良区2底栖动物密度显著高于非工程区。典范对应分析(CCA)显示，影响莲花洲港底栖动物分布的关键环境因子为流速、透明度、总氮和pH。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To mitigate the negative impacts of water control structures and strengthen protection of aquatic ecology in the Yangtze River, two habitat improvement zones were located at Lianhuazhou Port on the lower Yangtze River. In this study, we compared macrozoobenthos community structure in the habitat improvement zone with the unimproved areas in different seasons, focusing on stock, species composition, dominant species and spatiotemporal distribution. The relationship between macrozoobenthos community structure and environmental factors was also analyzed. The aim was to provide basic data for protecting the aquatic ecology of the Yangtze River. During August-September (flood season), October-November of 2019 (normal season), December 2019 and January 2020 (dry season), the macrozoobenthos and water environmental factors were investigated at 15 sampling sites across 5 transects in the study area. A total of 40 macrozoobenthos genera (species) were collected, including 21 genera (species) of arthropods (52.5%), 10 genera (species) of mollusks (25.0%), 6 genera (species) of oligochaetes (15.0%) and 3 genera (species) of polychaetes (7.5%). The mean density and biomass of macrozoobenthos in Lianhuazhou Port were 66.35 ind/m2 and 0.60 g/m2. The highest macrozoobenthos density (77.76 ind/m2) occurred in dry season and the lowest (48.49 ind/m2) in normal season, while the highest biomass (0.75 g/m2) occurred in normal season and the lowest (0.41 g/m2) in dry season. The dominant species macrozoobenthos varied with season, but much higher numbers of insects and oligochaetes. The most dominant species was Grandifoxus culpis in flood season, Nephthys sp. in normal season and Perinereis sp. in dry season, with the dominance of 0.15, 0.13 and 0.30, respectively. Two-way ANOVA of the spatial and temporal distribution of macrozoobenthos showed no significant differences in macrozoobenthos density with season, but the macrozoobenthos densities in habitat-improved zones 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those in the unimproved areas. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that the key environmental factors affecting the macrozoobenthos community in Lianhuazhou Port were water velocity, transparency, total nitrogen and pH. |
| 于 琪,王 珂,韦金明,孙晓梅,刘绍平,段辛斌,陈大庆.2022.长江莲花洲港不同水期底栖动物群落结构变化[J].水生态学杂志,43(2):62-69. |
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