| 白洋淀不同沉水植物盖度下浮游植物群落结构及变化 |
| Phytoplankton Community Structure in Baiyangdian Lake with Different Submerged Macrophyte Coverages |
| 投稿时间：2019-05-15 修订日期：2021-01-20 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.201905150121 |
| 中文关键词:盖度 沉水植物 白洋淀 浮游植物群落结构 |
| 英文关键词:coverage submerged macrophyte Baiyangdian Lake phytoplankton community structure |
| 基金项目:农业农村部财政专项(2130106-ZJBYD) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究不同沉水植物盖度下浮游植物群落结构及变化规律，为水域生态修复提供科学依据，本文在白洋淀选取了4个盖度水平区域，分别为25%、50%、75%和90%（C-25、C-50、C-75、C-90），对照组无沉水植物区域（C-0），结合水体理化参数和浮游植物群落结构特征，评价出沉水植物的最佳盖度。结果表明，沉水植物组均可有效降低水体总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、溶解性固体总量（TDS）和电导率(SPC)，而C-50组的TN和TP浓度最低。对浮游植物群落结构分析发现，1）沉水植物组浮游植物种类数高于对照组，各组绿藻门比例最高且均在50%以上；2）C-50组蓝藻门优势种最少且比例显著低于其他组（P<0.05）；3）浮游植物密度和生物量随沉水植物盖度的增加而降低，且占比最大的分别是蓝藻门和绿藻门；4）Margalef指数随盖度增加表现出先上升后降低的趋势；而Shannon－Weiner指数和Pielou指数随盖度的增加而增大；5）RDA表明，C-90、C-75和C-0组的浮游植物群落主要受TDS、SPC、pH、叶绿素a、高锰酸钾指数和透明度等环境因子的影响；C-50和C-25组浮游植物群落受环境因子的影响较小，说明水生态系统较稳定且受环境的影响小。总之，盖度为50%时，TDS、SPC、TN和TP浓度最低；蓝藻门比例和优势种较低，Margalef指数最高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Research shows that submerged macrophytes within an appropriate coverage range benefits nutrient uptake and stabilizes aquatic ecosystems. Baiyangdian Lake is the largest shallow lake in the North China Plain. It consists of more than 100 small and shallow lakes connected to each other by thousands of channels, and the submerged macrophyte coverage varies greatly between different water areas. In this study, we investigated the phytoplankton community structure under different macrophyte coverages and determined the optimal submerged macrophyte coverage, based on the physical and chemical parameters of water body and phytoplankton community characteristics. The objective was to provide a theoretical basis for ecological restoration in Baiyangdian Lake. In July 2018, the phytoplankton community and related environmental factors were investigated in the Shihoudian area of Baiyangdian Lake. Five submerged macrophyte coverages were set in triplicate; C-0 (0%), C-25 (25%), C-50 (50%), C-75 (75%) and C-90 (90%). All macrophyte coverages effectively reduced total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved solids (TDS) and specific conductance (SPC), but the concentrations of TN and TP were lowest with the C-50 treatment. The number of phytoplankton species was higher in the treatment groups than in the control group (C-0), with dominance by Chlorophyta species in all groups (>50% of total species). The dominant Cyanophyta species in group C-50 were the least dominant group of species and the proportion was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05). Phytoplankton density and biomass decreased as macrophyte coverage increased, with Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta dominating all groups. The Shannon-Weiner diversity and Pielou evenness indices of the phytoplankton community increased with coverage, while the Margalef richness index initially increased, then decreased with increasing macrophyte coverage. Redundancy analysis shows that phytoplankton communities in C-90, C-75 and C-0 were primarily affected by the environmental factors TDS, SPC, pH, chlorophyll-a, CODMn and transparency. The phytoplankton communities in C-50 and C-25 were less affected by environmental factors, indicating that aquatic systems with this coverage range were more stable and less affected by environmental conditions. In conclusion, TDS, SPC, TN and TP concentrations of the water body were the lowest in the C-50 group. The proportion and dominant species of Cyanophyta were lower, and the Margalef index was highest. These results are of practical importance for ecological restoration of Baiyangdian Lake. |
| 张军旺,谢骏,李志斐,张晓可,王广军,张凯,刘阳,肖国华.2021.白洋淀不同沉水植物盖度下浮游植物群落结构及变化[J].水生态学杂志,42(1):75-83. |
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