| 四种重金属暴露对青鳉呼吸行为的毒性效应 |
| Effect of Heavy Metals on Medaka Respiration |
| 投稿时间：2018-11-27 修订日期：2019-07-26 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2019.05.014 |
| 中文关键词:重金属 急性毒性 呼吸效应 生物早期预警 青鳉 |
| 英文关键词:heavy metals acute toxicity respiratory effect biological early warning medaka |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学青年“基于鱼类呼吸毒性效应的水环境早期预警生物标志物研究”(51509169)；国家自然科学基金面上项目“鲢鳙鱼控藻过程中重金属的生物累积及生物安全性评价”(51679152) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究青鳉对不同重金属污染物的敏感性和响应阈值，为水体污染特别是重金属污染的早期预警监测提供定量基础。青鳉3月龄，体长（1.5?0.1）cm，体重（0.15 ? 0.01）g；4种重金属为Cd、Zn、Cu和Hg。研究结果表明：青鳉对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+和Hg2+的急性致死毒性大小为Hg2+>Cu2+>Cd2+>Zn2+；Hg2+、Cu2+和Cd2+暴露下青鳉呼吸频率和呼吸强度先升高再降低（P<0.01），呼吸参数与重金属浓度间呈现剂量依赖倒“U”型关系；Zn2+暴露下青鳉呼吸频率、呼吸强度显著下降（P<0.01）；青鳉呼吸行为对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+和Hg2+4种重金属暴露的响应阈值和响应时间分别为0.15 、0.95、0.15、0.045mg/L和2 h 32 min、4 h 7.5 min、3 h 5.5 min、4 h 37 min，响应阈值与96h LC50的比值分别为0.43、0.19、0.33、0.77。青鳉对Cd2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Hg2+污染较为敏感，其呼吸参数可作为突发性水体重金属污染的生物监测指标。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Early warning systems with fish as the bio-indicator have been developed by scholars at home and abroad for detecting accidental release of pollutants. In this study, we investigated the acute respiratory effects of four heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg) on medaka (Oryzias latipes). The objectives were to examine the effect of short-term heavy metal exposure on medaka respiration and provide data to examine the potential of an early warning system using mekada as the bio-indicator. Juvenile medaka (3 month) were selected as the test organism (body length, 1.5?0.1 cm; body mass, 0.15 ? 0.01 g). Lethal toxicity of the heavy metals to medaka followed the order, Hg2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Zn2+. After exposure to increasing concentrations of Hg2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+, respiratory frequency and intensity initially increased and then decreased, and the differences, compared to controls, were significant (P<0.01). Exposure to Zn2+ decreased respiratory frequency and intensity significantly at all but the lowest concentration (p<0.01). The respective acute toxicity thresholds and response times of medaka after exposure to Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+ were as follows: 0.15 mg/L, 2 h 32 min; 0.95 mg/L, 4 h 7.5 min; 0.15 mg/L, 3 h 5.5 min; 0.045 mg/L, 4 h 37 min. The ratios of response threshold to 96 h LC50 were 0.43, 0.19, 0.33 and 0.77, respectively. In brief, the respiration parameters of medaka are sensitive to the heavy metals and could be used as biological indicators in an early warning system for sudden heavy metal release to inland waters. |
| 汪红军,孙凤,池仕运,杨林,潘晓洁,梁友光,董方勇.2019.四种重金属暴露对青鳉呼吸行为的毒性效应[J].水生态学杂志,40(5):91-98. |
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