| 洞庭湖水系水沙特性及参数间的相关性研究 |
| Water and Sediment Characteristics of the Dongting Lake System and Correlations Among Parameters |
| 投稿时间：2018-09-29 修订日期：2020-06-06 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.03.005 |
| 中文关键词:洞庭湖 水沙特性 水文泥沙参数相关性 |
| 英文关键词:Dongting Lake water and sediment characteristics hydrologic and sediment parameter correlation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41602367）；重庆市科委基础与前沿研究计划项目（cstc2018jcyjA）；重庆 市教委科学技术研究项目（KJ1601017 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究洞庭湖水文泥沙参数间的相关性，分析泥沙的冲於演变规律，为正确评价洞庭湖的淤积特性和江湖淤积的有效治理提供理论支撑。基于湘潭站等9座重要性水文站2002-2016年间的水文泥沙监测资料，系统梳理洞庭湖水系的水沙特性及水文泥沙参数间的相关性。研究表明：松滋西河、澧水和洞庭湖2016年的年径流量相比2002年增大0.3%～16.2%，其他河道降低2.9%～34.2%；资水的泥沙中值粒径2002-2016年降低57.1%，其他河道增大26.7%～300%；资水和洞庭湖2016年的年均含沙量、年输沙量相比2002年分别增大21.5%～22.2%、5.7%～40.6%，其他河道分别降低13.6%～82.9%、6.7%～88.8%；参数间相关性由强到弱排序为年均含沙量-年输沙量、年径流量-年输沙量、年径流量-年均含沙量、年均含沙量-中值粒径、年输沙量-中值粒径、年径流量-中值粒径；东、南洞庭湖入湖泥沙量和淤积量在时序上分别下降29.9%、144.73%，出湖泥沙量、排沙比分别增大55.72%、113.7%；西洞庭湖入湖泥沙量、出湖泥沙量、淤积量、排沙比在时序上降低24.06%～88.24%。三峡水库蓄水拦沙的作用降低洞庭湖的入湖沙量、淤积量，增大排沙量和排沙比，有利于洞庭湖寿命的延长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Dongting Lake is a large, shallow lake in northeastern Hunan Province, with three sections (east, south and west) and connections to numerous rivers that form a complex aquatic system. As a flood basin of the Yangtze River, its surface area varies greatly with season (annual variation 2,800~-20,000 km2) and it plays an important role in water and sediment exchange with Yangtze River. Further, the water and sediment characteristics affect its flood control capacity and the utilization of Yangtze River water resources. In this study, the water and sediment of Dongting Lake and tributaries were characterized and correlations between hydrological and sediment parameters were systematically analyzed. The study was based on data generated by hydrological and sediment monitoring at nine hydrological control stations in the larger Dongting Lake aquatic system from 2002 to 2016. Control stations are located at Xiangjiang River, Yuanjiang River, Zishui River, Lishui River, Songzi River, Hudu River, Ouchi River and Dongting Lake. The objective was to provide theoretical support for sediment control and treatment in the Dongting Lake system. Results show that the annual runoff of Songzixi River, Lishui River and the Dongting Lake increased by 0.3%-16.2%, while other rivers decreased by 2.9%-34.2%. The median particle size in Zishui River decreased by 57.1% from 2002 to 2016, while the values in other rivers increased by 26.7%-300%. The annual average sediment concentration and annual sediment load of Zishui River and Dongting Lake in 2016 increased, respectively, by 21.5%-22.2% and 5.7%-40.6% compared with those in 2002, while the corresponding values in the other rivers decreased by 13.6%-82.9% and 6.7%-88.8%. The strength of correlations among paramenters was in the order: annual average sediment concentration-annual sediment load > annual runoff-annual sediment load > annual runoff-annual average sediment concentration > annual average sediment concentration-median particle size > annual sediment load-median particle size > annual runoff-median particle size. The quantity of inflowing sand and the siltation rate in East and South Dongting Lake decreased, respectively, by 29.9% and 144.73% from 2002 to 2016, while the quantity of outflowing sand and the sediment discharge ratio increased by 55.72% and 113.7%. The quantities of and inflowing and outflowing sand, siltation rate and the sediment discharge ratio of West Dongting Lake decreased by 24.06%-88.24%. Generally, sediment impoundment in Three Gorges Reservoir has been beneficial for Dongting Lake by decreasing the inflow of sand and the siltation rate and increasing the outflow of sand and the sediment discharge ratio. |
| 王正成,毛海涛,强跃,李莉,刘阳.2020.洞庭湖水系水沙特性及参数间的相关性研究[J].水生态学杂志,41(3):32-41. |
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