| 阳澄湖3个湖区鲢鳙控藻效应的比较研究 |
| Comparative Study on Algal Control by Silver Carp and Bighead Carp in Three Regions of Yangcheng Lake |
| 投稿时间：2018-07-23 修订日期：2020-07-30 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.04.010 |
| 中文关键词:阳澄湖 浮游植物 水质 水华 鲢鳙 |
| 英文关键词:Yangcheng Lake phytoplankton water quality algal blooms silver carp and bighead carp |
| 基金项目:“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题（2015BAD13B00） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 阳澄湖是江苏省重要的淡水湖泊之一，全湖分为东、中、西3个湖区。近年来阳澄湖内加大了鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)的控藻力度，西湖藻华消失，而中湖和东湖仍偶有藻华出现。为了比较3个湖区水质和浮游植物的差异，在3个湖区分别布设南、北2个采样位点，于2017年夏季、秋季及2018年春季采集水样进行鲢鳙控藻效应分析。结果表明，阳澄湖3个湖区总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）均达到劣Ⅴ类水质标准，营养盐浓度由西向东逐渐下降。西湖3个季节叶绿素a（Chl-a）浓度都低于15 μg/L，透明度最高。调查期间共发现浮游植物8门、77属、177种，其中西湖种类数最少，仅有8门、59属、105种。从浮游植物多样性看，阳澄湖水质处于轻污染状态。西湖浮游植物细胞密度年均(3.50 ± 0.49) × 106 个/L，分别约为中湖和东湖的1/10和1/4。中湖和东湖于夏、秋季检出超富营养化(ɑ-ps)指示藻类，但西湖三季均未检测到。2017年10月，西湖鲢鳙存鱼密度分别为中湖的3.8倍和东湖的2.3倍，规格和肠道饱满度指数显著低于中湖和东湖(P< 0.05)。研究显示，现阶段阳澄湖藻华发生与否不完全由营养盐水平决定，可能与鲢鳙牧食藻类有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Yangcheng Lake is one of the most important freshwater lakes in Jiangsu Province. It is divided into three lakes, i.e. East Lake, Middle Lake and West lake by two sand ridges. The amount of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichthys?nobilis) released in this lake was increased in recent years to control algal bloom. Algal blooms disappeared in West Lake, however, it occasionally occurred in Middle Lake and East Lake. The purpose of this study is to compare the differences of water quality and phytoplankton in three lake regions and to analysis the biomanipulational effect on algae by silver carp and bighead carp. Sampled stations were set up in the north and south of each lake region, and investigation was conducted in summer, autumn of 2017 and spring of 2018. The results showed that the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in three lake regions reached the water quality standard of inferior class V, with decreasing from the west to east. The concentration of Chlorophyll-a was lower than 15 μg/L in all three seasons in West Lake, where the secchi depth value was the highest. A total of 77 genera and 177 species of phytoplankton were found during the investigation, among them, the number of species in West Lake was the least, with 105 species belonging to 59 genera of 8 phylum. Results of diversity analysis of phytoplankton indicated water quality was in state of mild contamination. The average algal density of West Lake was (3.50 ± 0.49) × 106 cell/L, which was about 1/10 and 1/4 of Middle Lake and East Lake, respectively. Indicator algae species of Hypereutrophic was detected in Middle Lake and East Lake in summer and autumn, but it was not detected in West Lake in all three seasons. The density of silver carp and bighead carp in West Lake was 3.8 times higher than that in Middle Lake and 2.3 times higher than that in East Lake in October 2017, while the fish size and intestinal fullness index were significantly lower than those of Middle Lake and East Lake (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the occurrence of algal bloom in Yangcheng Lake is not entirely determined by nutrient levels, which might due to grazing effect of silver carp and bighead carp on algae. |
| 陈 雯,张俊彪,蔡春芳,何 捷,宋学宏,许国荣,周静华.2020.阳澄湖3个湖区鲢鳙控藻效应的比较研究[J].水生态学杂志,41(4):73-80. |
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