| 外加碳源及固定化对荧蒽降解菌降解性能的强化作用 |
| Increasing the Effectiveness of a Fluoranthene-Degrading Microorganism by Immobilization and Adding a Carbon Source |
| 投稿时间：2017-11-23 修订日期：2020-06-04 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.03.014 |
| 中文关键词:固定化菌 荧蒽 河道底泥，外加碳源 生物降解 |
| 英文关键词:immobilized bacteria fluoranthene river sediment external carbon source biodegradation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51678408，51508385 )；国家重点研发计划 (2016YFC0400506)；天津自然科学基金(14JCQNJC09000) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目前我国河流、湖泊底泥中普遍存在多环芳烃（PAHs）污染问题，尤其是高分子量多环芳烃（H-PAHs）污染是修复工作的重点和难点。但现有研究中关于利用植物根际圈作用强化修复河道底泥H-PAHs污染的研究较少。本研究以荧蒽作为目标污染物，从生长在被荧蒽污染的河道底泥中的菖蒲根际筛选出典型荧蒽降解菌，考察外加碳源对该菌种荧蒽降解性能的影响，并以玉米芯作为固定化载体，探讨菌株经吸附固定化后对河道底泥中荧蒽的植物-微生物联合修复的强化效应，并对降解动力学和降解产物进行深入分析。实验筛选分离出一株荧蒽降解菌，经分析确定为青霉素菌DTQ-HK1。外加碳源和菌株固定化对DTQ-HK1降解荧蒽的实验结果表明，经过连续42d培养，单独DTQ-HK1对水相中荧蒽的降解率可达到52.22%，按C荧蒽:C麦芽糖=5:3比例投加麦芽糖后，荧蒽降解率提高到81.75%。在这基础上，采用粒径为10目的玉米芯对DTQ-HK1进行吸附固定化，并投加在菖蒲根际圈进行强化修复试验，结果表明，连续90d培养后在菖蒲根际投加吸附固定化菌的荧蒽降解率比直接投加悬浮菌液略有提高；外加碳源麦芽糖能明显提高固定化菌对荧蒽的降解效果，荧蒽降解率可达100%。降解动力学及产物分析结果表明，对DTQ-HK1菌株进行固定化处理在一定程度上可以提高对荧蒽的降解速率，尤其是外加碳源辅助，可使DTQ-HK1对荧蒽的降解速率提高1.3倍，而且降解过程更彻底，产物以开链化合物为主。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution of sediments in rivers and lakes is widespread in China, particularly the high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (H-PAHs). To date, few studies have been conducted on use of the plant rhizosphere to promote respiration in river sediments with H-PAH pollution. In our study, fluoranthene was selected as the target pollutant. A typical fluoranthene degrading strain was screened from the rhizosphere of calamus growing in the river sediment contaminated by fluoranthene. The strain labeled as DTQ-HK1 was identified as Penicillium purpurogenum through morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequence homology analysis. The strain was adsorbed and immobilized on pulverized corn cob and the effect of adding an external carbon source on fluoranthene degradation by DTQ-HK1 and plant-microorganism remediation of fluoranthene contaminated river sediment were studied. Degradation products were identified and degradation kinetics were analyzed. After being cultured in a liquid medium for 42 days, 52.22% of the fluoranthene was degraded. When maltose was added as an external carbon source (fluoranthene:maltose=5:3), the extent of fluoranthene degradation increased to 81.75%. The degradation performance of the plant-microorganism combination then studied in a 90-day experiment. DTQ-HK1 was immobilized on pulverized corn cob passed through a 10 mesh sieve and added to sediment near calamus roots. The degradation efficiency of immobilized DTQ-HK1 in sediment near calamus roots was slightly higher than for free DTQ-HK1 and the degradation efficiency was significantly improved by adding maltose, reaching 100% at 90 days. Analysis of degradation kinetics and products showed that the degradation rate of fluoranthene by DTQ-HK1 was enhanced by immobilization and the degradation rate with an external carbon source was 1.3 times that of DTQ-HK1 alone. The degradation process was more complete and the degradation products were mainly open-chain substances. The results show that immobilization and addition of an external carbon source can enhance PAH degradation when using a plant-microorganism system for remediation |
| 黄秀秀,左宇环,李腾飞,张朝晖,王亮,赵斌,李君敬,李晓峰.2020.外加碳源及固定化对荧蒽降解菌降解性能的强化作用[J].水生态学杂志,41(3):107-114. |
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