| 赣江下游一级支流鱼类多样性比较分析 |
| Comparative Analysis of Fish Community Diversity in Two Primary Tributaries of the Lower Ganjiang River |
| 投稿时间：2017-07-25 修订日期：2019-05-21 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2019.03.014 |
| 中文关键词:锦江 袁河 鱼类多样性 赣江支流 时空变化 |
| 英文关键词:JJinjiang River Yuanhe River fish community diversity tributaries of Ganjiang River temporal and spatial variation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31360118）；南昌大学“大学生创新创业训练计划”项目 （2015081） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 赣江是鄱阳湖水系的最大河流，对维持鄱阳湖的鱼类多样性与生物完整性发挥作用。由于酷渔滥捕、水体污染、采砂淘金、水利枢纽建设等日益加剧，赣江流域的水生态系统及鱼类多样性面临严峻考验。本文通过分析锦江、袁河鱼类群落与种类多样性的时空动态，旨在了解赣江下游两条一级支流的鱼类资源现状，为深入研究赣江流域的鱼类多样性奠定基础。2014年3月-2015年2月，对锦江的高安、上高江段和袁河的宜春、新余江段渔获物进行季节性调查，渔具以刺网（网目规格分别为200、120、80、40和20mm）和电拖网为主。本次调查共采集鱼类3目11科47属67种，以鲤科鱼类为主，占68.66 %。锦江和袁河的鱼类群落与种类多样性存在一定的差异：（1）锦江3目7科36属51种，袁河3目10科32属36种；（2）银鲴、鲫、银鮈、蛇鮈为锦江的优势种，银鮈、彩石鳑鲏、鲫、棒花鱼为袁河的优势种；（3）鱼类群落的Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数均表现为锦江略高于袁河；（4）丰度生物量比较曲线显示，锦江的鱼类群落结构处于中度干扰状态，而袁河处于严重干扰状态。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ganjiang River, the largest river in the Poyang Lake system, plays an important role in maintaining the fish diversity and ecological integrity of Poyang Lake. The aquatic ecosystem and fish community in the Ganjiang River basin face severe challenges due to excessive fishing, water pollution, gold mining and construction of a water conservancy project. The spatial-temporal dynamics of the fishery and species diversity in the Jinjiang and Yuanhe Rivers were investigated to better understand the status of fish resources in two first-level tributaries of the lower Ganjiang River and lay a foundation for further study of fish community diversity in the Ganjiang River basin. Seasonal surveys were carried out from March 2014 to February 2015 in the Gaoan and Shanggao sections of Jinjiang River and the Yichun and Xinyu sections of Yuanhe River using gill nets (mesh sizes of 200, 120, 80, 40 and 20mm) and electric trawls. A total of 67 species, belonging to 3 orders, 11 families and 47 genera were collected during the investigation. Cyprinids were the dominant, accounting for 68.66% of the total species. In comparing the fish communities and species diversity in the Jinjiang River and Yuanhe rivers, four differences were observed. (1) In Jinjiang River, 51 species from 3 orders, 7 families and 36 genera were collected and in Yuanhe River, 36 species from 3 orders, 10 families and 32 genera were collected. (2) In Jinjiang River, the dominant species were Xenocypris macrolepis, Carassius auratus, Squalidus argentatus and Saurogobio dabryi and in Yuanhe River, the dominant species were Squalidus argentatus, Rhodeus lighti, Carassius auratus and Abbottina rivularis. (3) The Margalef abundance index (D), Shannon-wiener diversity index (H') and Pielou evenness index (J') in Jinjiang River were, respectively, 7.67, 3.11 and 0.79, slightly higher than in the Yuanhe River, where the respective values were 7.11, 2.53 and 0.70. (4) Analysis of the abundance-biomass comparison curves (ABC) indicates that the fish community structure is moderately disturbed in the Jinjiang River and seriously disturbed in the Yuanhe River. |
| 王朝阳,黄德才,胡茂林,柳俊,苗春,王焘,简少卿.2019.赣江下游一级支流鱼类多样性比较分析[J].水生态学杂志,40(3):99-106. |
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