| 达氏鳇稚鱼感觉器官在摄食行为中的作用 |
| Effect of Sensory Deprivation on the Feeding Behavior of Juvenile Kaluga (Huso dauricus) |
| 投稿时间：2016-03-20 修订日期：2016-09-09 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.02.014 |
| 中文关键词:达氏鳇 触觉 嗅觉 视觉 侧线感觉 电感觉 摄食 |
| 英文关键词:Huso dauricus touch olfactory sense visual sense lateral line sense electric sense food intake |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.201203086） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过选择性封闭达氏鳇（Huso dauricus）稚鱼不同感觉器官(包括视觉、嗅觉olfactory deprivation、触觉、侧线感觉、电感觉、嗅觉+触觉、嗅觉+触觉+电觉) ，研究了它们在达氏鳇稚鱼摄食行为中的作用，旨在为达氏鳇的资源保护和人工培育提供科学依据。实验鱼受精卵采自黑龙江抚远江段，经过开口饲养56d，随机选择120尾体质健壮的稚鱼用于实验。实验鱼体长为（13.98±1.27）cm，体重为（17.32±4.31）g，在实验开始前暂养适应15d，实验设计7个实验组和1个对照组。实验持续12 d，期间水温维持在25.2~27.5℃；1h摄食实验结果显示，封闭视觉、侧线感觉或触须后稚鱼的摄食量与正常稚鱼(对照组)无显著性差异( P>0.05)。结果表明，封闭嗅觉、嗅觉+触须、电感觉、电感觉+嗅觉+触须时，平均每尾达氏鳇稚鱼摄食量分别为正常水平的69.1%、63.0%、54.3%与43.9%，且差异显著（P<0.05），说明电感觉和嗅觉在达氏鳇稚鱼期的摄食中起重要作用； 延长摄食实验时间时，达氏鳇稚鱼可能产生了摄食定势与习惯，电感觉和嗅觉的摄食作用并不明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Kaluga (Huso dauricus) is a critically endangered fish species and is listed in CITES Appendix II. However, research on Kaluga biology is incomplete. The objective of this study was to document the function of different sensory systems on the feeding behavior of Kaluga juveniles by selectively blocking sense organs in a feeding behavior experiment. This study provides guidance for species protection and artificial aquaculture of the Kaluga. Kaluga zygotes were collected from the Fuyuan reach of Heilongjiang River in June, 2011. On day 56 after hatching, 120 Kaluga juveniles (body length 13.98±1.27 cm, body weight 17.32±4.31 g) were randomly selected for testing. Seven experimental groups (obtained by surgical excision of visual, olfactory, touch, lateral line, electroreceptor, olfactory/touch, olfactory/touch/electroreceptor) and a control group were prepared with five Kaluga juveniles in each group and each treatment run in triplicate. Prior to the 12 day feeding behavior test, fish were acclimated in tanks for 15 days. During acclimation and testing, water temperature was maintained at 25.2-27.5℃, DO at 6.5 mg/L and the lighting regime was alternating 12hr periods of light and dark. At 9:00, test fish were fed aquatic earthworms, with a feeding duration of 1 hr for the first six days and 6 hr for the last six days. Food consumed by each group was measured each day. Food consumption by Kaluga juveniles in the visual, lateral line and touch organ deprivation treatments were, respectively, 96.4%, 95.9% and 74.1% that of the control group during the 1h feeding period and the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Food consumption by treatment groups deprived of olfactory, olfactory/touch, electroreceptor and olfactory/touch/electroreceptor organs were, respectively, 69.1%, 63%, 54.3% and 43.9% that of the control group. These decreases in food intake were significant (P<0.05), indicating that the electroreceptors and olfactory organs play an important role in feeding by Kaluga juveniles. However, when the feeding time was prolonged to 6h, food consumption in treatment groups differed significantly from the control group only for the triply deprived group (olfactory/touch/electroreceptor), for which food consumption was only 55.7% that of the control group. It seems likely that the extended feeding period provides sufficient foraging time to mask the effects of electroreceptor and olfactory sensory deprivation on the feeding behavior of juvenile Kaluga. |
| 胡佳,李艳华,王成友,邹远超,危起伟.2017.达氏鳇稚鱼感觉器官在摄食行为中的作用[J].水生态学杂志,38(2):88-93. |
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