| 基于LUCC的鄱阳湖湿地生态效应分析 |
| Analysis of the Ecological Effects of LUCC in Poyang Lake Wetland |
| 投稿时间：2016-01-04 修订日期：2017-05-27 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.03.002 |
| 中文关键词:LUCC 景观格局 生态效应 鄱阳湖湿地 |
| 英文关键词:land use/cover change landscape pattern ecological effects Poyang Lake wetland |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41361003）；江西省教育厅科技项目（GJJ14733） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 土地利用/土地覆盖变化（LUCC）是内陆湿地演变的重要因素之一，对湿地生态系统产生广泛的生态效应。2000年以来，鄱阳湖湿地土地利用方式和强度发生了较大变化，有必要探究由此引发的生态效应。利用2000－2013年共４个时期的遥感影像，借助RS和GIS工具研究了鄱阳湖湿地各时期的LUCC及其动态度和土地利用综合程度指数，通过景观指数计算，分析了总体景观格局和不同景观类型的变化特征；利用主成分分析和相关分析方法，探讨了总体景观格局指数主成分综合值及其与土地利用程度综合指数的相关性。结果表明, 鄱阳湖湿地土地利用结构和方式发生了较大变化，水体和耕地面积逐年下降，林地、建设用地和沙滩地面积逐年增加，土地利用综合程度指数由2000年的249.08上升到2013年的251.41，土地利用强度持续增加；总体景观格局指数和不同景观类型均发生了较大变化，景观趋于多样化、复杂化和破碎化，连通性降低，稳定性变弱；土地利用程度综合指数与总体景观格局指数相关系数为0.927，呈显著正相关，土地利用强度的增加使鄱阳湖湿地景观格局趋于负面化。研究结果反映LUCC引发景观的破碎化和不稳定、鄱阳湖湿地面积的减少以及生物多样性降低等一系列负向生态效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Land use/cover change (LUCC) is one of the important factors in the evolution of inland wetlands resulting from human activities and it has wide ranging ecological effect on wetland ecosystems. Since 2000, intense use has dramatically altered the land use pattern of Poyang Lake wetland and it is important to explore the resulting ecological effects. Using RS and GIS, we studied the LUCC, change dynamics and the comprehensive index of land use in Poyang Lake wetland, based on remote sensing images captured at the same time of year in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2013. Changes in the overall landscape pattern and various landscape types were analyzed by calculating the landscape index for each year. The relationship between the comprehensive index of land use degree and the overall landscape pattern index was characterized using principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis (CA). The goal of this study was to explore the ecological effects of LUCC in the Poyang Lake wetland from the perspectives of landscape ecology, hydrology and biodiversity. Six wetland use patterns in Poyang Lake wetland were identified, based on the national wetland classification system and characteristics of the Poyang wetland ecological system： water, cultivated land, forest land, construction zones, sand and beaches. Year by year, land structure and use patterns markedly changed as areas covered by water and cultivated land decreased and areas covered by forest, construction zones, sand and beaches increased. Land use intensity increased continuously and the comprehensive land use index in Poyang Lake wetland increased from 249.08 in 2000 to 251.41 in 2013. Large changes in the wetland landscape are indicated by the change in landscape pattern index. During the study period, the landscape tended to become more diverse, complex and fragmented. The connectivity and stability of the landscape were reduced. There was a significant positive correlation between the comprehensive index of land use degree and the overall landscape pattern index (R2=0.927). Increases in land use intensity had a negative effect on the landscape pattern in Poyang Lake wetland as the landscape became more fragmented. The LUCC in Poyang Lake wetland has caused a series of negative ecological effects with landscape fragmentation leading to declines in wetland stability, area and biodiversity. This study provides a warning and demonstrates the need to develop policies guiding the reasonable use and conservation of wetland resources and to protect the ecological environment while exploiting wetland resources. |
| 祝明霞,喻光明,赵军凯.2017.基于LUCC的鄱阳湖湿地生态效应分析[J].水生态学杂志,38(3):8-14. |
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