| 舟山群岛大鳞副泥鳅与台湾泥鳅的形态差异性分析 |
| Analysis of Morphological Differences between Paramisgurnus dabryanus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa Cultured in Zhoushan Archipelago |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-25 修订日期：2016-01-18 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.02.012 |
| 中文关键词:泥鳅 大鳞副泥鳅 形态特征 多元分析 |
| 英文关键词:Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Paramisgurnus dabryanus morphology traits multivariate analysis |
| 基金项目:国家星火计划项目（2014GA700123） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 台湾泥鳅（Misgurnus anguillicaudatus）是台湾地区选育的泥鳅新品种，虽具有明显优于大鳞副泥鳅（Paramisgurnus dabryanus）的养殖性状，但在实际生产过程中往往会将这2种泥鳅混淆，为了科学识别形态特征相似的台湾泥鳅和舟山群岛大鳞副泥鳅，采用单因素方差分析、主成分分析和判别分析等多元分析方法定量研究了舟山群岛大鳞副泥鳅与台湾泥鳅人工养殖群体的形态特征差异。 结果表明：(1) 2种泥鳅在本研究所涉24项形态评价指标中存在显著差异的达8项，两者在形态特征上具较好的区分度；(2)经主成分分析，提取到5个特征值均大于1的主成分，累计贡献率达75.463%，其中第1主成分为以营养生理状况、体型匀称程度为主导的体质强壮因子，第2主成分为以头部大小和胸鳍长短为主导的觅食运动功能因子，后3个主成分为与眼睛发达程度为主导的视野功能因子；(3)采用逐步判别法，以判别贡献率较大的8项形态评价指标为自变量，建立分类函数方程组。大鳞副泥鳅：func1= -681.190+4.992x1+498.305x2+1778.188x3；台湾泥鳅：func2= -860.382+5.373x1+650.034x2 +1894.839x3；所建判别函数可清晰区分舟山群岛大鳞副泥鳅与台湾泥鳅人工养殖群体，且判别准确率为100%。研究表明，虽然台湾泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅形态特征相似，但能利用形态指标建立判别函数对两者进行科学、快速的判别。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa is a new breeding variety recently introduced from Taiwan. It has many breeding traits better than Paramisgurnus dabryanus, so the artificial breeding of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa is developing rapidly and the culture scale is rapidly expanding. However, the two loach species are often confused during production because of shared morphological characteristics. In order to scientifically identify Paramisgurnus dabryanus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa, we studied the morphological differences of the two loach species in Zhoushan archipelago through analysis of variance, principal component analysis, and discriminant analysis. In December of 2014, 130 artificially cultured two-year-old loaches were purchased from a company in Zhoushan archipelago of Zhoushan City, with body length ranging from 127.12 mm to 230.64 mm and body mass ranging from 15.68 g to 103.39 g. Among them, 60 loaches were Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa and 70 were Paramisgurnus dabryanus, according to preliminarily identification by morphological characteristics. The weight and 24 morphological evaluation indices for each loach were measured with an RS-232 precision electronic balance and digital vernier calipers. Results show: (1) Of the 24 evaluation indices, eight indices displayed significant differences, indicating a high degree of differentiation between Paramisgurnus dabryanus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. (2) Principal component analysis demonstrated that the eigenvalues of five principal components were >1, and their cumulative variance percentage was 75.463%. The first principal components were nutrition and body uniformity index, regarded as factors responsible for physical strength. The second principal components were foraging and movement, as indicated by the size of head and pectoral fins. And the last three principal components were vision factors responsible for eye development. (3) The eight components with higher contributions to discriminant analysis served as independent variables and Fisher discriminant functions clearly distinguished between Paramisgurnus dabryanus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: Paramisgurnus dabryanus func1= -681.190 + 4.992x + 498.305x2 + 1778.188x3; Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa func2= -860.382 + 5.373x + 650.034x2 + 1894.839x3. The rate of discriminant accuracy was 100% for identifying artificially bred Paramisgurnus dabryanus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa populations from the Zhoushan archipelago. In conclusion, although Paramisgurnus dabryanus and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Formosa have many similar morphological characteristics, it is possible to identify them scientifically and quickly by discriminant function. |
| 黄涛,赵波,Babacar Diakhate,王小军,高阳,唐舟凯,胡秀峰,储张杰.2016.舟山群岛大鳞副泥鳅与台湾泥鳅的形态差异性分析[J].水生态学杂志,37(2):83-87. |
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