| 两种大型底栖动物生物扰动对沉积物颗粒垂直分布的影响 |
| Effects of Bioturbation on Vertical Distribution of Sediment Particles by Two Macrobenthos Species |
| 投稿时间：2015-07-11 修订日期：2016-04-17 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2016.01.011 |
| 中文关键词:生物扰动 沉积物颗粒 垂直分布 丝鳃虫，菲律宾蛤仔 |
| 英文关键词:bioturbation sediment particles vertical distribution Cirratulus chrysoderma, Ruditapes philippinarum |
| 基金项目:海洋公益性行业科研专项（201305043，201405010）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以直径0.4~0.5 mm玻璃珠作为示踪颗粒，探讨了多毛类的丝鳃虫Cirratulus chrysoderma和双壳类的菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum2种大型底栖动物生物扰动作用对沉积物颗粒垂直分布的影响，为评价大型底栖动物对沉积环境的影响以及探讨海洋“碳汇”等作用提供基础资料。生物扰动的测定装置由长28cm、直径10.5 cm的PVC管制成，下端用塑料膜密封。实验海水盐度30、温度20℃。菲律宾蛤仔分3种规格：大（壳长32.64 mm±0.08 mm，湿重7.34 g±0.45 g）、中（25.30 mm±0.11 mm，3.54 g±0.19 g）、小（20.34 mm±0.06 mm，1.63 g±0.13 g）。丝鳃虫体长80.00 mm±15.00 mm、湿重1.40 g±0.20 g，设3个密度： 255、510、1020 ind./m2。分别在扰动实验开始后的第7 天和第20 天取样。2种大型底栖动物属于不同生物扰动功能组；第7 天丝鳃虫密度与示踪颗粒迁移率正相关，第20 天则呈负相关关系；示踪颗粒的迁移率与菲律宾蛤仔的规格呈负相关关系。扰动时间与示踪颗粒进入沉积物的绝对量和到达的最大深度均呈正相关关系，而与其迁移率呈负相关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Macrobenthos affect the physical, chemical and biological properties of the sediment-water interface. This bioturbation plays an important role in the biogeochemical processes of marine and lacustrine environments. Research has shown that bioturbation intensity depends on natural macrobenthos behavior, but is influenced by external factors such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, macrobenthos density and food supply. In this study, we investigated the effect of population density of a Polychaeta, Cirratulus chrysoderma, and size of a Bivalvia, Ruditapes philippinarum, on the vertical distribution of sediment particles. The two macrobenthos species were investigated using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes (L28 cm, D10.5 cm) with 15 cm of sediment. Glass beads (0.4-0.5mm) were placed on the surface of the sediment as the tracer before the organisms were placed in the apparatus. The experiment was conducted at a salinity of 30 g/kg, temperature of 20℃and each treatment was run in triplicate. Treatment groups included three densities of C. chrysoderma (255, 510, 1,020 ind/m2), three sizes of R. philippinarum(large: 32.64 mm±0.08 mm, 7.34 g±0.45 g; medium: 5.30 mm±0.11 mm, 3.54 g±0.19 g;small:20.34 mm±0.06 mm, 1.63 g±0.13 g) and a control. The vertical distribution of tracers and macrobenthos for each treatment was determined on day 7 and day 20 of the experiment. The two macrobenthos species displayed significantly different bioturbation intensities, primarily because they belong to different bioturbation functional groups. The quantity and depth of tracer beads distributed in the sediments changed with C. chrysoderma density, R. philippinarum size and bioturbation time. The transport rate of tracer beads increased with density of C. chrysoderma on day 7, but was negatively correlated on day 20. The transport rate of tracer beads decreased with size of R. philippinarumat both sampling times. The maximum depth and number of tracer particles transported increased with time, but the rate of tracer bead transport decreased with time. |
| 吕洪斌,王恕桥,刘国山,张秀梅.2016.两种大型底栖动物生物扰动对沉积物颗粒垂直分布的影响[J].水生态学杂志,37(1):78-86. |
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