| 斜带髭鲷和紫红笛鲷早期发育阶段的行为选择 |
| Early Stage Behavior of Hapaologenys nitens and Lutianus argentimaculatus |
| 投稿时间：2015-05-14 修订日期：2017-01-09 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.01.014 |
| 中文关键词:斜带髭鲷，紫红笛鲷，早期发育，行为选择 |
| 英文关键词:Hapaologenys nitens Lutianus argentimaculatus early development behavior selectivity |
| 基金项目:广东省省级科技计划项目( 2016A020206002)；广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目（A200901D01；A201200E02） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用实验生态学方法研究斜带髭鲷（Hapaologenys nitens）和紫红笛鲷（Lutianus argentimaculatus）幼鱼早期发育阶段的行为选择，旨在从行为学角度为优化种苗生产管理提供科学依据。结果显示，斜带髭鲷回避红色底质，对黑色底质的选择则是随着生长而逐渐增加，1 cm体长组的隐匿习性最强，为50.67%；2 cm和3 cm组的隐匿百分率分别为40.67%和35.33%；体长4 cm组仅25.00%。1 cm组的趋流率为3.35%，4 cm时率达71.65%。体长1 cm和2 cm组鱼在1760~2210 lx照度下的分布率分别为41.67%和35.00%，在39~59 lx为8.33%和16.67%, 4 cm组在38~53 lx的光照强度下的分布率达41.67%，在2780~2980 lx仅为8.33%。体长1 cm的紫红笛鲷喜栖息于白色底质，约占总群体的61.00%，随着生长，对黑色底质的喜好明显增强；体长4 cm对白色底质无选择，而对黑色底质的选择达到63.67%。体长1 cm组的隐匿百分率为55.67%，4 cm组仅为25.00%。在流速1 cm/s的情况下，趋流率比较低，为50.00%左右，体长1 cm组在流速3 cm/s时的趋流率最高，达到98.67%；体长1 cm组的顶流率为96.65%；3 cm和4 cm组的顶流率仅为6.65%和3.35%。研究表明，斜带髭鲷和紫红笛鲷行为特征随着个体的发育而变化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A comparative study of the behavior and physiology of fish species in different ecological habitats provides scientific information useful for polyculture in aqua-farming, a method that fully utilizes the water and adjusts the species cultured according to market demand. In this paper, the behavior of cultured Hapaologenys nitens and Lutianus argentimaculatus during early life stage was investigated, aiming to enhance seedling production of these species from the perspective of behavioral science. Experiments were carried out at Shenzhen Experiment Base of the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute. H. nitens and L. argentimaculatus seedlings for the test were produced by artificial propagation and assigned to four groups by body length (1, 2, 3, 4 cm) with each group tested in triplicate. The seedlings for each group were acclimated in rectangular plastic aquaria for three days before testing and fed (brine shrimp). The experiments on behavior included substrate selection, hiding, rheotaxis, adverse current and phototaxis. Experimentation was carried out under the following conditions: T, 26-29℃; salinity, 28-30 g/kg; pH, 8.0-8.2; DO, >4.5 mg/L; NH4+-N and NO2—N, <0.03 mg/L. H. nitens avoided red substrate and preference for black substrate increased with size. The smallest (1 cm) H. nitens displayed the strongest tendency to hide (50.67%) and the tendency decreased with size:40.67% for the 2 cm group, 35.33% for the 3 cm group and 25% for the 4 cm group. The rheotaxis rate of H. nitens increased with size, from 3.35% at 1 cm to 71.65% cm at 4 cm. The distribution rates of 1 cm and 2 cm H. nitens groups were 41.67% and 35% under high light intensity (1 760-2 210 lx), decreasing to 8.33% and 16.67% under low light intensity (39-59 lx). For the 4 cm H. nitens, 41.67% were distributed under the lower light intensity (38-53 lx) and 8.33% under the higher light intensity (2780-2980 lx). L. argentimaculatus of 1 cm body length showed significant preference for white substrate with (61%) and tended more toward black substrate as they grew. No L. argentimaculatus of 4 cm body length group chose white bottom, but showed strong preference to black substrate (63.67%). The percentage of 1 cm L. argentimaculatus hiding was 55.67%, but only 25% for the 4 cm group. At a current velocity of 1 cm/s, the rheotaxis rate was relatively low, averaging 50% across groups with no significant difference observed between groups. The maximum rheotaxis rate occurred at a current velocity of 3 cm/s for 1 cm L. argentimaculatus (98.67%), at 9 cm/s for the 2 cm and 3 cm group (97.24% and 97.56%) and at 12 cm/s for the 4 cm group (99.33%). Under the same condition, the adverse current rate of L. argentimaculatus was 96.65% for 1cm body length, but only 6.65% and 3.35% for the 3 cm and 4 cm groups. In conclusion, the selectivity observed in both species during early life stages is associated with, and changes during, development. |
| 区又君,李加儿,柳 琪,周 慧.2017.斜带髭鲷和紫红笛鲷早期发育阶段的行为选择[J].水生态学杂志,38(1):86-93. |
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