| 基于组合赋权模糊综合评价的黄河干流水源地水质评价 |
| Water Quality Assessment of Drinking Water Sources of the Yellow River Main Stem Based on Combination Weighting Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method |
| 投稿时间：2015-04-10 修订日期：2015-11-22 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.05.007 |
| 中文关键词:水源地 水质评价 模糊综合评价 组合赋权 黄河干流 |
| 英文关键词:drinking water source water quality evaluation fuzzy comprehensive evaluation combination weighs the Yellow River main stem |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重大项目(5119003 );水利部公益性行业专项经费资助项目( 201001012);河南省科技攻关项目(132102110185) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用组合赋权模糊综合评价方法评价黄河干流饮用水源地水质，为黄河流域干流饮用水源的保护和综合利用提供参考。选取黄河干流15个饮用水源地2011年1月至2013年6月的16个水质指标，采用《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)评价标准，建立组合赋权模糊综合评价模型。组合赋权模糊综合评价结果与《黄河流域省界水体及重点河段水资源质量状况通报》中水质类别吻合率97.11%。评价结果有出入的多为劣Ⅴ类水，其主要原因是在建立隶属度函数方面，评价集依据《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)仅分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ类，劣Ⅴ类水在评价时均划为Ⅴ类水之中。组合赋权模糊综合评价方法相较于其他水质评价方法，水质评价结果更客观、准确、合理，降低了人为主观因素对评价方法的影响。不足在于建立隶属度函数方面，本应根据水质评价标准，更加细化确定评价集，建立模糊关系矩阵，但因劣Ⅴ类水与Ⅴ类水无详细的界定标准而不能清楚地区分开。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Yellow River is an important drinking water source for cities along the river, with 643 drinking water sources and providing 80% of the total water usage. With economic development in the river basin, pollutants and waste water discharges to the Yellow River have increased greatly. Presently, the Yellow River receives 10% of the national contaminant load but makes up only 2% of China’s water. Investigation of urban drinking water sources in 2007 showed that 16.4% did not meet water quality standards. It is therefore important to evaluate water quality and control water pollution. In this study, the water quality of the drinking water resources in the Yellow River main stem was evaluated using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on combination weighting. From January 2011 to June 2013 sixteen water quality parameters for fifteen water resources were selected to establish the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model according to national surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002). The data on the 16 water quality parameters were obtained from the water resources protection agency of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission and the official websites of the Environmental Protection Department of the People's Republic of China and the Yellow River Conservancy Commission. The weight of each parameter for the model was developed by combining objective and subjective methods. The weight coefficient of each parameter was determined by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weighting method. Evaluation of water quality by the model was highly consistent with the water quality assessment bulletin of the water body in the provincial boundaries and important river sections in Yellow River basin, with an agreement level of 97.11%. The disagreement between the model assessment results and the water quality assessment bulletin was primarily for water quality from sources below Grade V, because only five grades of water quality were proposed in the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The water quality assessment obtained by the combination weighting fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was found to be more objective and accurate than other water quality assessment methods. The results will provide a scientific reference for the protection and comprehensive use of drinking water resources in the Yellow River main stem. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on combination weighting should be promoted and widely used for water quality assessment. |
| 李海华,邢静,孙杨帅,周大伟,马涛,张静雯.2015.基于组合赋权模糊综合评价的黄河干流水源地水质评价[J].水生态学杂志,36(5):44-50. |
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