| 盐度和光照对泥蚶耗氧率和排氨率的影响 |
| Effects of Salinity and Light on Oxygen Consumption Rate and Ammonia Excretion Rate of Tegillarca granosa |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-13 修订日期：2015-12-07 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.05.015 |
| 中文关键词:泥蚶 盐度 光照 暗处理 耗氧率 排氨率 |
| 英文关键词:Tegillarca granosa salinity light dark treatment oxygen consumption rate ammonia excretion rate |
| 基金项目:海域使用金项目—广东海岸带生态修复及保护示范及建设（201305021）；国家海洋公益性行业科研专项—典型滨海湿地修复效果评估与功能保育（2013418021-5） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解盐度对泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)生理活动的影响，探究其昼夜活动节律，在室内实验条件下，控制水温25℃，采用静水养殖法，以耗氧率和排氨率分别作为呼吸和排泄的生理指标，研究了20、24、28、30、32共计5个盐度梯度下泥蚶的呼吸和排泄强度，同时对泥蚶在光照条件和暗处理下的呼吸与排泄强度进行了测定。结果发现，泥蚶耗氧率和排氨率随着盐度的升高均先上升、后下降，耗氧率为0.33～0.48 mg/（g?h），排氨率为0.044～0.067 mg/(g?h)；泥蚶在盐度28的环境下呼吸和排泄强度最高，且不同盐度下耗氧率之间、排氨率之间差异显著（P<0.05）。暗处理下泥蚶的耗氧率在0.42～0.53 mg/(g?h)，排氨率在0.049～0.057 mg/(g?h)；光照条件下泥蚶的耗氧率在0.40～0.44 mg/(g?h)，排氨率为0.042～0.051 mg/(g?h)；暗处理条件下呼吸与排泄强度比光照条件下的更高，但2种状态下耗氧率、排氨率差异均不显著（P>0.05）；表明实验条件下泥蚶对光照和暗处理反应不明显，即泥蚶不存在明显的昼夜节律现象。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Tegillarca granosa, also called the blood clam, is an important species in traditional shellfish farming, high in nutrient content and economic value. Respiration and excretion rates are typically used to indicate their level of physiological activity. To better understand the metabolic intensity and circadian rhythms of T. granosa under different environmental conditions, we investigated the effects of salinity and light on the physiological activity of T. granosa and the results provide a theoretical basis for scientific culture. Physiological indices of respiration and excretion were expressed by oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate. In August, 2014, healthy blood clams were randomly assigned to five groups, acclimated to and then tested in duplicate at five salinities (20, 24, 28, 30 and 32 g/kg) and a temperature of 25oC with static cultivation. After acclimation, five clams were placed in 2.5 L bottle respirators with water of the salinity being tested and the bottle respirators were sealed when the blood clams opened their shells. Dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen were measured with a CM-07 aquaculture water quality analyzer before the test began and again after 2 h and the initial and final concentrations were used to calculate the rate of oxygen consumption and rate of ammonia excretion. Results show that that the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of T. granosa both increased initially and then decreased as salinity increased. The oxygen consumption rate was in the range of 0.33-0.48 mg/(g?h), and the ammonia excretion rate was in the range of 0.044-0.067 mg/(g?h). The low and high values of both rates were significantly different (P<0.05) and both rates were highest at a salinity of 28 g/kg group. While T. granosa tolerated all five of the salinities tested, the optimal salinity for T. granosa is 28 g/kg. The respiration and excretion rate of T. granosa was also studied under light and dark conditions. Blood clams acclimated to a salinity of 28 g/kg were used and five clams were again placed in each respirator and light and dark treatments were run in triplicate. Otherwise, the test method was the same as the salinity test. Under dark conditions, the oxygen consumption rate ranged from 0.42 mg/(g?h) to 0.53 mg/(g?h) and the ammonia excretion rate ranged from 0.049 mg/(g?h) to 0.057 mg/(g?h). Under light conditions, the oxygen consumption rate from 0.40 mg/(g?h) to 0.44 mg/(g?h) and the ammonia excretion rate ranged from 0.042 mg/(g?h) to 0.051 mg/(g?h). T. granosa displayed higher rates of respiration and excretion in the dark but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). Therefore, we can conclude that the growth of T. granosa has no obvious circadian rhythm. |
| 熊安安,袁星,汪先进,林彥彥,黄建荣,黎祖福.2015.盐度和光照对泥蚶耗氧率和排氨率的影响[J].水生态学杂志,36(5):96-100. |
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