| 鄱阳湖通江水道短颌鲚生长特性初探 |
| Growth Characteristics of Coilia brachygnathus in the Poyang Lake-Yangtze River Waterway |
| 投稿时间：2015-02-12 修订日期：2015-03-18 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.03.008 |
| 中文关键词:短颌鲚 生长特性 鄱阳湖 |
| 英文关键词:Coilia brachygnathus biological parameters Poyang Lake |
| 基金项目:鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室开放基金（PK2012003）；赣鄱英才555工程刀鲚调查专项基金。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 鄱阳湖是我国最大的季节性淡水湖泊，鱼类资源丰富，但湖区水深较浅、换水周期短，丰水期、枯水期、平水期的水面差异大，致使其稳定性和抗干扰能力差，鱼类资源安全风险大。水利枢纽工程建设是鄱阳湖生态经济区的重要支撑和保障，但工程建设同时也将对区域生态环境产生不利影响，包括水质水量和渔业资源等诸多方面，科学高效的评估将为鄱阳湖生态环境保护提供技术支持。2012 年3 月至2013 年2 月在鄱阳湖通江水道屏峰段逐月随机抽样测定定置网采集的短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus)，2013年12月至2014年11月每月在湖口江段整船次或整网次随机采集渔获物，共获得短颌鲚样本1403尾、18.8 kg，测定其体长和体重数据，运用FiSAT II软件对短颌鲚的生物学参数及生长特性进行了初步分析。结果表明，鄱阳湖通江水道短颌鲚体长范围为5.6～32.5 cm，平均体长14.3 cm；体重范围为 0.6～125.5 g，平均体重13.4 g；体长与体重关系式为W = 0.003L3.022 (R=0.985，P＜0.05，n=1403)；von Bertalanffy 生长方程得出鄱阳湖短颌鲚渐近体长L∞= 34.65 cm，生长系数k = 0.390，理论生长起点年龄t0 = -0.359；其拐点体重为38.6 g，拐点体长为22.8 cm，平均丰满度为0.32；总死亡系数Z=1.20，自然死亡系数 M=0.75，捕捞死亡系数F=0.45，开发率E=0.37。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Poyang Lake is the largest seasonal fresh water lake in China and its fish resources are rich. However, shallow water, the short water cycle and the large difference in water area from wet to dry season results in poor stability and this lack of resilience puts the fish resources at risk. The water conservancy project on the Poyang Lake has played an important role in maintaining the ecology of Poyang Lake and has benefited economic development in the Poyang Lake area, but it has also produced negative impacts on water quality and quantity, and on the fishery. Scientific, efficient assessment of fish resources supports environmental protection of Poyang Lake. As part of a fish resource study in the Poyang Lake-Yangtze River waterway, we analyzed biological parameters and growth characteristics of Coilia brachygnathus using FiSAT II software. From March, 2012 to February, 2013, monthly sampling of C. brachygnathus was carried out using a fixed net in the Pingfeng section of the waterway. From December, 2013 to November, 2014, monthly sampling of C. brachygnathus was carried out in the estuarine section by gill net, fixed net and trawl net. A total of 1 403 individuals (18.8 kg) of C. brachygnathus were obtained. Body length and mass were measured and the relationship of body mass and length and other biological parameters related to growth characteristics of C. brachygnathus population were calculated. The body length of C. brachygnathus specimens collected ranged from 5.6 cm to 32.5 cm, with an average length of 14.3 cm, and the body mass ranged from 0.6 g to 125.5 g, with an average mass of 13.4 g. The relationship between body length (cm) and body mass (g) was described by the equation: W = 0.003L3.022 (R=0.985; P＜0.05; n= 1403). The growth pattern of C. brachygnathus was described by the von Bertalanffy relationships: L= 34.65[ (1 - e- 0.39(t + 0.359)] and W = 134.93[1 - e- 0.39(t +0.359)]3; asymptotic length, growth coefficient and theoretical growth starting point were L∞= 34.7 cm，k = 0.39，t0 = -0.359. The inflection point for the body weight and body length of C. brachygnathus in this study was 38.6 g and 22.8 cm. The average fullness was (0.32±0.06), the total mortality coefficient (Z) was estimated as 1.20, natural mortality coefficient (M) was 0.75, fishing mortality coefficient (F) was 0.45.and the exploitation rate of C. brachygnathus was 0.37 in the waterway of the Poyang Lake to the Yangtze River. These results have improved our understanding of C. brachygnathus population dynamics and will support conservation of the species.
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| 吴斌,方春林,傅培峰,熊小英,张燕萍,周辉明,贺刚,王生,王庆萍.2015.鄱阳湖通江水道短颌鲚生长特性初探[J].水生态学杂志,36(3):51-55. |
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