| 温榆河夏季浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系 |
| Summer Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Wenyu River and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors |
| 投稿时间：2015-02-09 修订日期：2015-12-09 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.05.004 |
| 中文关键词:温榆河 浮游植物 群落结构 环境因子 冗余分析 |
| 英文关键词:Wenyu River phytoplankton community structure environmental factors redundancy analysis |
| 基金项目:?国家科技重大专项“水体污染控制与治理”(No.2009ZX07209-005) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着温榆河龙道河段生态修复工程的运行，水质发生变化，浮游植物群落结构也随之改变。于2011年7月中旬夏季浮游植物水华发生期对温榆河水质和浮游植物进行同步监测，4个河段共计布设17个采样点，温榆河上段、龙道河、清河段各4个采样点，温榆河下段选取5个采样点，调查各河段浮游植物种类，分析其群落组成与多样性，评价生态修复工程效果；同时运用冗余分析（RDA）研究流域浮游植物与环境因子的关系。结果表明，夏季温榆河流域浮游植物共检出8门、55属、99种，优势种共15种，以微囊藻和颤藻为主，其中温榆河上段和龙道河优势种类最多，均为9种；流域浮游植物平均密度为237.99×106个/L，其中，清河段平均密度最大，为430.05×106个/L、温榆河上段浮游植物密度最低，为85.18×106个/L；清河段蓝藻门占浮游植物群落的93.84%，而龙道河段蓝藻门比例为66.57%；4个河段的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数大小依次是龙道河、温榆河上段、温榆河下段、清河段。浮游植物密度与水体环境因子的RDA分析表明，DO和pH是影响浮游植物分布的显著性因子；裸藻门、黄藻门和甲藻门的密度与DO和pH呈显著正相关，微囊藻密度和DO和pH呈显著负相关。比较4个河段的微囊藻频度、密度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数得出，龙道河段的生态修复工程措施能有效降低微囊藻水华的爆发，减少浮游植物密度，增加浮游植物生物多样性，但水质仍属于中污染状态。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Wenyu River is the only river originating in Beijing City and serves as an urban drainage channel and an important ecological corridor. It receives water from municipal sewage plants, rainfall runoff and nonpoint source pollution from four central districts and seven suburban districts of Beijing City. The water quality of Wenyu River does not meet ClassⅤ standards throughout the year because pollutant inputs exceed the weak ecological buffer capacity of the river. A demonstration project for water quality improvement in Wenyu River was carried out under the Eleventh National Five-year Plan for Water Pollution Control and Management of Science and Technology Major Projects in the middle section of the river. The project consisted of vegetated buffer filter strips along the quasi-natural Longdao River and constructed wetlands in Luomadong Lake. The project has been operating successfully in Luomadong Lake since May, 2010, improving water quality and altering the phytoplankton community in Wenyu River. To evaluate the effects of the ecological restoration project, we investigated the phytoplankton community composition and diversity index during the summer of 2011. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to analyze the relationship between the phytoplankton community and environment factors. In mid-July, simultaneous monitoring of phytoplankton and water quality were conducted at 17 sampling sites in the Wenyu River (W1-W4 in the upper Wenyu River, L1-L4 in the Longdao River, Q1-Q4 at Qinghe section, W5-W9 in the lower Wenyu River). 1000 mL water samples were collected at 0.5 m below the surface and fixed with 15 mL of Lugol’s solution. The water samples were concentrated to 30 mL after settling 24 h in the laboratory for subsequent phytoplankton quantitative and qualitative analysis. DO, pH, EC and WT were determined in situ and additional water samples were collected at 0.5 m below the surface for determination of water quality parameters including CODMn, NH3-N, NO3-N, TN and PO4-P. A total of 99 phytoplankton species from 55 genera and 8 phyla were identified. Fifteen dominant species, primarily belonging to Microcystis and Oscillatoria, were mainly distributed in the upper Wenyu River and Longdao River, with 9 dominant species observed in both areas. Phytoplankton density averaged at 237.99×106 cells/L, with the maximum value of 430.05×106 cells/L at Qinghe section and the minimum value of 85.18×106 cells/L in the upstream of Wenyu River. Additionally, in the Qinghe section and Longdao River, Cyanophyta density accounted for 93.84% and 66.57% of the phytoplankton community, respectively. The maximum Shannon-Wiener diversity index and evenness index were both found in Longdao River, followed by the upper Wenyu River, the lower Wenyu River and the Qinghe section. Redundancy analysis shows that DO and pH were the key factors influencing the distribution of phytoplankton community; the densities of Euglenophyta, Xanthophyta and Pyrroptata were significantly positively related to DO and pH, while Microcystis was negatively related to DO and pH. Comparison of the occurrence frequency, cell density, diversity index and evenness index of Microcystis indicate that the ecological restoration project in Longdao River can effectively reduce phytoplankton abundance and Microcystis blooms and increase biodiversity in the phytoplankton community, even while the Longdao River is still moderately polluted. |
| 刘静,马克明,张育新,张强,魏源送,王亚炜.2015.温榆河夏季浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,36(5):22-28. |
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