| 复合益生菌对中华鳖生长及血液生化指标的影响 |
| Effects of Compound Probiotics on the Growth and Blood Biochemistry of Trionyx sinensis |
| 投稿时间：2014-12-15 修订日期：2014-12-15 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.02.015 |
| 中文关键词:中华鳖 复合益生菌 生长 血液生化指标 |
| 英文关键词:Trionyx sinensis compound probiotics growth blood biochemical indices |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31172406）；湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目（11A051）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探究饲料中添加复合益生菌对中华鳖(Trionys sinensis)生长及血液生化指标的影响，分别在体重为（227.47±14.42）g的中华鳖基础饲料中添加复合益生菌0 mg/kg（对照组Ⅰ）、500 mg/kg（试验组Ⅱ）、1000 mg/kg（试验组Ⅲ）和2000 mg/kg（试验组Ⅳ）；试验共分4组，每组3个重复，在（30±2）℃温室中进行，投喂140 d。结果表明，各试验组均能显著提高中华鳖增重率、特定生长率和存活率(P<0.05)，降低饵料系数(P<0.05)，且Ⅲ组增重率、特定生长率和存活率最高，饵料系数最低，增重率比Ⅰ组提高了29.25%；各试验组均能显著提高中华鳖脂肪酶、淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活力 (P<0.05)，当添加量为2000mg/kg时，淀粉酶活力有所下降(P<0.05)；与对照组相比，各试验组均能显著降低血清中总胆固醇、尿素氮水平和谷丙转氨酶活力(P<0.05)，提高甘油三酯含量(P<0.05)，而血清中总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白、血糖、丙二醛含量和谷草转氨酶活力差异不显著 (P>0.05)；各试验组均能显著提高血清中溶菌酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活力(P<0.05)，但过量添加(2000 mg/kg)会降低其活力(P>0.05)。在基础饲料中适量添加复合益生菌能促进中华鳖的生长、降低饵料系数、提高肠道消化酶活性，同时还具有提高非特异性免疫和抗氧化功能，最适添加量为1000～2000 mg/kg。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Industrial aquaculture of Trionys sinensis has developed rapidly due to the high nutrient content and economic value of the species, but it has also led to a higher incidence of disease. The abuse of antibiotics on Trionys sinensis creates problems, such as bacterial resistance and drug residues, that negatively affect the healthy development of this aquaculture sector. Probiotics, as a new dietary supplement that are non-toxic, don’t lead to resistance and leave no residue could, to some extent, replace antibiotics. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of compound probiotic dose on the growth rate and blood biochemistry of Trionys sinensis so as to use compound probiotics more effectively and provide a theoretical basis for the healthy culturing of Trionys sinensis. The probiotics used were compounded in our laboratory and we have applied for a patent (number 201410039520.3). The probiotic components include bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, Lactobacillus casei and Candida utilis. Test animals of mean initial weight 227.47±14.42g were selected for the 140 d experiment and fed a soft-shelled turtle diet three times a day supplemented with different levels of compound probiotics (Group I: 0 mg/kg; Group II: 500 mg/kg; Group III: 1000 mg/kg; Group IV: 2000 mg/kg). Each group consisted of 1200 individuals and each group was tested in triplicate. The water temperature, food consumption and mortality were recorded each day. After the trial was complete, 15 individuals from each group were selected randomly to evaluate digestive enzyme activity in the intestine and 10 individuals for each group were selected and fasted 24 h to measure blood biochemical indices including total protein (TP), total cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), glucose (GLU), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), globulin (GLB), albumin (ALB), lysozyme (LZM), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). Results indicate that weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate increased significantly and the bait coefficient decreased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05). The highest weight gain (29.25%), specific growth rate and survival rate as well as the lowest bait coefficient was displayed by Group III. The activities of lipase, amylase, tryptase increased significantly with the addition of compound probiotics (P<0.05), but the activity of amylase significantly decreased in Group IV with a 2000 mg/kg compound probiotic supplement. The contents of CHO, BUN and the activity of ALT in serum significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the level of TG significantly increased (P<0.05), while the content of TP, GLB, ALB, GLU, MDA and the activity of AST in serum among all experimental groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The activities of LZM, GSH-PX and SOD in serum significantly increased (P<0.05) in Group II and GroupIII, but activities declined in Group IV (P>0.05). Based on these findings, we conclude that properly compounded probiotic supplementation to the basal diet of Trionyx sinensis can improve growth, increase digestive enzyme activity, enhance nonspecific immunity and antioxidant capacity and decrease the bait coefficient. The appropriate level of compound probiotics added in the basal diet is 1000-2000 mg/kg. |
| 桂琳,王晓清,康银,曾丹,蒋迪,廖学敏.2015.复合益生菌对中华鳖生长及血液生化指标的影响[J].水生态学杂志,36(2):95-100. |
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