| 三峡水库澎溪河库湾枝角类的种类组成与时空分布 |
| Species Composition and Spatial-temporal Variation of Cladocerans in Pengxi River Bay of Three Gorges Reservoir |
| 投稿时间：2014-08-08 修订日期：2014-08-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:枝角类 种类组成 时空分布 三峡水库 澎溪河 |
| 英文关键词:Cladocera species composition spatial-temporal variation Three Gorges Reservoir Pengxi River |
| 基金项目:国家“十二•五”科技支撑项目（2012BAC06B04）；国家“十二•五”水专项子课题（2013ZX07104-004）；三峡后续工作科研项目（2013HXKY2-3）；国家自然科学基金项目（51009100） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解澎溪河枝角类的种类组成、时空分布特点以及三峡水库蓄水对库湾回水末端区域枝角类的影响，为防治三峡水库富营养化和水华发生提供基础资料，于2013年3月（春季）、6月（春季）、9月（秋季）、12月（冬季）对澎溪河库湾6个断面（河口、双江、黄石、高阳、养鹿和渠口）的枝角类进行了调查。结果显示，4次采样共采集到枝角类7属、7种，透明溞（Daphnia hyalina）、简弧象鼻溞（Bosmina coregoni）、短尾秀体溞（Diaphanosoma brachyurum）为全年优势种，优势度值分别为0.330、0.128、0.034；受上游2个断面（养鹿和渠口）3月份枝角类的影响，春、夏、秋、冬澎溪河库湾枝角类密度（分别为65.9、17.4、4.0、0.6 个/L）呈递减趋势，生物量（20.6436、0.6772、0.1072、0.1469 mg/L）基本呈递减趋势；从下游到上游，澎溪河库湾枝角类密度（河口、双江、黄石、高阳、养鹿、渠口分别为0.5、1.4、11.4、18.8、50.3、49.6个/L）和生物量（0.0348、0.0528、0.6230、1.1538、15.1529、15.3450 mg/L）呈递增趋势。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pengxi River (also called Xiaojiang River) is located in the middle section of Three Gorges Reservoir and a typical tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir. The water level in Three Gorges Reservoir ranges from 145m to 175m and the backwater of Pengxi River extends from 26km at low water to 72km at high water. Regardless of water level, the backwater effect causes problems. Slower flow and lower diffusion extend the residence time of pollutants and significantly impact the aquatic environment. Cladocera are primary consumers in the plankton food chain and play a key role in nutrient cycling and energy flow throughout the ecosystem. This study characterized the spatial-temporal distribution of cladocerans in the backwater section of Pengxi River and provides insight on the role of Cladocera in the backwater ecosystem created by impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir. Results provide data to support efforts to control eutrophication and algal blooms in the Three Gorges Reservoir system. A seasonal investigation of cladocerans was accomplished by sampling at 6 stations (moving upstream from Three Gorges Reservoir; Hekou-HK, Shuangjiang-SJ, Huangshi-HS, Gaoyang-GY, Yanglu-YL, Qukou-QK) in Pengxi River bay during March, June, September and December of 2013. In qualitative samples, species were identified by microscopic examination. In quantitative samples, cladocerans were counted under a microscope, body length recorded and sample biomass (mg/L) determined. A total of seven species of Cladocera, belonging to seven genera, were observed in Pengxi River bay and the dominant species were Daphnia hyalina, Bosmina coregoni and Diaphanosoma brachyurum, with dominance values, respectively, of 0.330, 0.128 and 0.034. From spring to winter, decreases were observed in the density (65.9, 17.4, 4.0, 0.6 ind/L) and biomass (20.6436, 0.6772, 0.1072, 0.1469 mg/L) of cladocerans, mainly affected by the density and biomass in two upstream sections (YL and QK) in March. Moving in order from the estuary mouth to the beginning of the backwater, the average densities of Cladocera at the six sampling stations were, respectively, 0.5, 1.4, 11.4, 18.8, 50.3 and 49.6 ind/L, and the corresponding average biomasses were 0.0348, 0.0528, 0.6230, 1.1538, 15.1529 and 15.3450 mg/L. Cladoceran populations decreased in the Pengxi River impoundment from upstream to downstream and the decrease was dramatic after the two upstream stations. In conclusion, the cladoceran community in Pengxi River bay affects the structure of the aquatic ecosystem by filter-feeding on phytoplankton. How much Cladocera contributes to the control of algal blooms in Pengxi River bay is still uncertain, but it warrants continuing investigation. |
| 彭建华,郑志伟,张志永,邹曦,潘晓洁,万成炎.2014.三峡水库澎溪河库湾枝角类的种类组成与时空分布[J].水生态学杂志,35(6):31-37. |
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