| 太泊湖浮游生物初步调查及鲢鳙鱼产力评估 |
| Biological Assessment of Water Quality and Production Estimation of Silver Carp and Bighead Carp in Taibo Lake |
| 投稿时间：2014-07-11 修订日期：2014-08-11 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.01.014 |
| 中文关键词:太泊湖 浮游生物 鱼产力 |
| 英文关键词:Taibo Lake plankton fish production |
| 基金项目:农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项湖泊养殖容量及生态增养殖技术研究与示范（201303056-6） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2013年5、7、9和11月，对太泊湖浮游生物和水体状况开展了调查。总碱度变化范围为62.92~89.09 mg/L；总氮、总磷及氨氮含量均严重超过环境质量标准的Ⅱ类标准限值。共监测到浮游植物7门51属，平均密度1593×104个/L，平均生物量20.166 mg/L；绿藻门、蓝藻门、硅藻门以及裸藻门为优势种群，生物量分别占浮游植物总生物量的24.3%、8.9%、16.2%和25.84%。共采集到浮游动物25种，其中原生动物5种、轮虫13种、枝角类5种、桡足类2种。浮游动物平均数量1771.85 个/L，平均生物量2.508 mg/L；枝角类、轮虫、原生动物、桡足类的生物量分别占总生物量的15.9%、78.7%、0.1%和35.2%，浮游动物多样性指数为0.36~0.46，均匀度指数为0.34~0.41。综合判断太泊湖处于富营养化状态。太泊湖鲢鱼产力151.2kg/hm2，全湖约322t；鳙鱼产力56.4kg/hm2，全湖约120t。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Taibo Lake, located in the northeast of Pengze County, Jiangxi Province, is connected to the Yangtze River and an distribution center for commercial fish in Jiangxi province and a natural spawning ground for migratory fish in the Yangtze River. However, rapid economic growth, urbanization and high aquacultural density have seriously damaged the water environment and decreased the quality of aquatic products. The quantity and composition of plankton play an important role in the maintenance of aquatic ecosystems, reflects the nutrient status of the water and can be used to estimate fish production. In this study, the plankton composition and the standing crop in the Taibo Lake and the physicochemical parameters of the water body were investigated in order to better understand Taibo Lake resources, support conservation of the aquatic environment, optimize the culturing model and develop a production plan for the fishery. The production of the silver carp and bighead carp in the Taibo Lake was also calculated based on the quantity of plankton. Monthly surveys were conducted at 7 sample sites in May, July, September and November of 2013 in Taibo Lake. Plankton samples were collected using plankton & zooplankton nets and identified by optical microscopy. At the same time, water samples were collected to determine the temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, transparency, water depth, CODMn, total nitrogen. Seven phyla of phytoplankton, including 51species, were found in the lake, with the average an phytoplankton density and biomass of 1593×104 ind/L and 20.166 mg/L. Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta and Euglenophyta were the dominant populations, accounting, respectively, for 24.3%, 8.9%, 16.2% and 25.84% of the total phytoplankton. The ranges of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index of phytoplankton were 0.51-0.64 and 0.30-0.38, respectively. Twenty-five species of zooplankton from four categories were identified with the average density of 1771.85 ind. /L and the average biomass of 2.508 mg/L. The amount of the Protozoa (5 species), Rotifer (13 species), Cladocera (5 species) and Copepoda (2 species) contributed respectively, 0.1%，,78.7%, 15.9% and 35.2% to the total amount of the zooplankton biomass. Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index of zooplankton ranged from 0.36-0.46 and 0.34-0.41, respectively. The total alkalinity in the Taibo Lake ranged from 62.92-89.09 mg/L, and the content of the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the ammonia nitrogen all exceeded the thresholds of environmental quality Level Ⅱ standards. In conclusion, the water quality of the Taibo Lake is eutrophic according to the comprehensive evaluation of our investigation results. The productions of silver carp and bighead carp were 151.2 kg/hm2 and 56.4 kg/hm2, about 322t and 120t throughout the lake estimated based on the productivity of plankton.. |
| 张燕萍,陈文静,王海华,陶志英,章海鑫,王昌来.2015.太泊湖浮游生物初步调查及鲢鳙鱼产力评估[J].水生态学杂志,36(1):94-100. |
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