| 南淝河旁路人工湿地不同处理单元的浮游植物变化 |
| Changes of Phytoplankton in a Multi-Stage Bypass Constructed Wetland on Nanfei River: A Water Purification Demonstration Project |
| 投稿时间：2014-07-01 修订日期：2014-11-20 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2015.01.003 |
| 中文关键词:南淝河 人工湿地 浮游植物 |
| 英文关键词:Nanfei River constructed wetland phytoplankton |
| 基金项目:水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项经费（2011ZX07103-002） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 南淝河是入巢湖污染量最大的河流，为了控制入湖污染，建成了包括5级处理单元的“南淝河旁路多级人工湿地水质净化示范工程”。 2013年10月至2014年8月监测了工程各个单元的浮游植物等多项理化指标，探究各个处理单元的浮游植物密度和种类组成变化。结果表明：（1）在示范工程正常运转时，浮游植物密度随不同处理单元有明显的下降趋势；2013年10月和12月、2014年3月和8月，从南淝河进水口的2343978、157345、3729612、359867个/L分别降低到表面流湿地的34240、32271、187756、63950个/L。（2）各月份随处理单元浮游植物种类组成变化波动。比较南淝河进水口与表面流湿地，在示范工程正常运转的2013年10月和12月，蓝藻占比由南淝河进水口的38.16%和39.79%分别减少至表面流湿地的0和10.87%，绿藻由50.94%和24.5%减少至0和6.38%，硅藻由3.67%和32.25%增加至84.38%和75.57%。在示范工程正常运转时，5级处理单元的去藻能力存在差异，沉砂池为（30.71±22.32）%、混凝沉淀系统为（51.40±8.03）%、氧化塘系统的厌氧塘为（17.10±7.94）%、好氧塘为（33.26±12.01）%、潜流湿地系统的垂直流湿地为（81.19±22.90）%、表面流湿地系统为（77.42±27.32）%，而氧化塘系统的兼性塘和潜流湿地系统的水平潜流湿地藻类密度反而增加。浮游植物种类组成变化随各处理单元波动较大，但表面流湿地在示范工程正常运转时，与南淝河进水口相比，蓝藻和绿藻的组成比例大幅度降低，硅藻比例大幅度升高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Nanfei River accounts for 15.2% of the total water inflow to Chaohu Lake, but contributes the largest amount of pollution： 24.9% of the COD, 53.8% of the TP and 65.3% of the ammonia nitrogen. So the pollutant removal from Nanfei River water inflow is a necessary measure for improving water quality in Chaohu Lake. In 2012, the "water purification demonstration project of a multi-stage bypass constructed wetland of Nanfei River" was built to reduce pollution levels. The system consists of five parts: a grit chamber (about 1 200 m2); a coagulation-precipitation system (about 200 m2); an oxidation pond system that includes an anaerobic pond, a facultative pond and an aerobic pond (about 2 400 m2); a constructed subsurface-flow wetland (about 1 750 m2) and constructed surface flow wetland (about 187 000 m2). The project began operation in October, 2013 and nine monitoring sites (No.1-No.9) were selected, located at the inlets and outlets of the five units. The phytoplankton community and physicochemical water parameters were monitored from October 2013 to August 2014 and the investigation focused on changes in the phytoplankton community in the different units of the constructed wetland. 1000 mL samples of mixed water were collected at each site, fixed with 10 mL Lugol’s solution and preserved with formaldehyde. The water samples were concentrated to 30 mL for subsequent counting and identification after settling 24h in the laboratory. The results are as follows: (1) Phytoplankton density displayed obvious decline in different processing units. In October and December of 2013 and in March and August of 2014, phytoplankton densities for each month decreased from 2343978, 157345, 3729612, 359867 cells/L at the inlet (No.1) to 34240, 32271, 187756, 63950 cells/L at the outlet of the surface flow constructed wetland (No.9). (2) Phytoplankton species composition displayed significant variation at each processing unit. In October and December of 2013, the percentage of Cyanophyta in the phytoplankton community at No.1 decreased from 38.16% and 39.79% to 0% and 10.87% at No.9, the percentage of Chlorophyta decreased from 50.94% and 24.5% to 0% and 6.38%. While the percentage of Bacillariophyta increased from 3.67% and 32.25% to 84.38% and 75.57%. In general, the algae removal capacities of the grit chamber system, coagulation-precipitation system, anaerobic pond, aerobic pond, vertical flow system of subsurface-flow constructed wetland and surface flow constructed wetland were (30.71±22.32)%, (51.40±8.03)%, (17.10±7.94)%, (33.26±12.01)%, (81.19±22.90)% and (77.42±27.32)%, respectively. However, the algae density increased in the facultative pond and the horizontal flow system of the subsurface-flow constructed wetland. Compared to the inlet of the multi-stage bypass constructed wetland of Nanfei River, the percentage of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta significantly decreased and the percentage of Bacillariophyta significantly increased. |
| 刘恩生,王 辉,欧俊海,汤康成,杨 珊 .2015.南淝河旁路人工湿地不同处理单元的浮游植物变化[J].水生态学杂志,36(1):19-24. |
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