| 生态浮床原位修复对海水养殖池塘底栖动物群落结构的影响 |
| Effect of ecological floating bed (EFB) on Benthos community in a mariculture pond |
| 投稿时间：2013-09-30 修订日期：2013-11-11 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:生态浮床 原位修复 底栖动物 群落结构 |
| 英文关键词:Ecological floating bed in-situ restoration benthos community structure |
| 基金项目:中央分成海域使用金支出项目（国海办字[2013]543号）;广东省教育部产学研结合示范基地项目（2012B090700017）和广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目（2010330004203984）联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 选取广东阳江面积为33.33 hm2的海水围池塘，混合粗养黄鳍鲷（Sparus latus）、鲻（Mugil cephalus）、凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）和锯缘青蟹（Scylla serrata），养殖密度为鱼类750 kg/hm2、虾类2250 kg/hm2、蟹7.5 kg/hm2，投喂罗氏沼虾配合饲料2号和3号，每天2次，每次约280 kg，每周投放1次光滑河蓝蛤（Potamocorbula laevis）250 kg作为蟹类活饵料。通过铺设近2000个由塑料管和普通渔网构成的浮床单体栽种海马齿（Sesuvium portulacastrum），研究生态浮床原位修复技术对海水养殖池塘底栖动物群落结构的影响，探讨底栖动物群结构变化特征与海水养殖池塘水质的关系。结果显示，试验区底栖动物的种类相比对照区的7种增加到10种，出现了一些耐污能力较差的甲壳类(中华蜾蠃蜚Corophium sinensis和齿掌细身钩虾Maera serratipalma)和腹足类(珠带拟蟹守螺Cerithidea cingulata)。各次采样中试验区底栖动物个体丰度均高于对照区，平均由2725个/m2 增加到2764个/m2。试验区的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H’）和Margalef丰富度指数（D）较对照区均有显著提高（P<0.05），分别由初始的0.68和0.67提高到0.81和0.85。试验区表现出比对照区更强的底栖动物多样性恢复能力，表明生态浮床原位修复技术能较好地改善海水养殖环境。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The population dynamic of benthos was studied during the process of in-situ restoration in a mariculture pond with the treatment of 2000 ecological floating beds constructed with plastic pipes and nets. The relationship of the benthos community structure and water quality improvement was also researched. This study was carried out in a mariculture pond with an area of 33.33 hm2 in Yangjiang of Guangdong province, with a mixed culture of Sparus latus, Mugil cephalus, Litopenaeus vannamei and Scylla serrata. A breeding density of 750 kg/hm2 for fishes, 2250 kg/hm2 for shrimps, 7.5 kg/hm2 for crabs, was utilized respectively. Formulated feed of giant freshwater prawn were used twice a day, with about 280 kg each time. Potamocorbula laevis was used, 250 kg once a week, as the crabs’ live bait. The results showed that the mariculture water quality was improved after treatment by EFB, and the species of benthos in the testing area increased to 10 species, which were more than 7 species in the control area. Several crustaceans（Corophium sinensis and Maera serratipalma）and a gastropod（Cerithidea cingulata）, which have low pollution resistance, were identified in the testing area. The benthos density for each sample in the testing area was higher than that in the control area, increasing from the average of 2725 ind./m2 to 2764 ind./m2. The diversity index, including Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) and Margalef species richness index (D), represented a notable increase from the original 0.68 and 0.67 to 0.81 and 0.85, respectively. The benthos in the testing area showed higher recovery ability than that in the control area, indicating that the employment of in-situ restoration technology of EPB was effective in improving the mariculture environment. |
| 岳晓彩,饶科,熊安安,殷伟,陈骞,黄建荣,黎祖福.2014.生态浮床原位修复对海水养殖池塘底栖动物群落结构的影响[J].水生态学杂志,35(1):22-27. |
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