| 渫水河砷污染环境中浮游动物的群落特征研究 |
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| 投稿时间：2012-09-17 修订日期：2012-11-21 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:浮游动物 群落特征 渫水河 砷 |
| 英文关键词:zooplankton community characteristics Xieshui River arsenic |
| 基金项目:水利部公益性行业科研专项(201001080,200901055-03);国家自然基金(51279112) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 受高砷背景的影响,渫水河及其支流存在不同程度的砷污染,为揭示砷污染的生态效应,探寻防治对策,研究了该水域中浮游动物的种群分布和季节变化,分析其密度与砷含量及TN、TP的关系。2006-2007年共进行3次调查,设置8个采样断面;共检出浮游动物166种,其中,原生动物(95种)>轮虫(55种)>桡足类(10种)>枝角类(6种);丰水期有104种,远大于平水期和枯水期。浮游动物现存量以丰水期最高,其次是平水期,枯水期最少;空间分布上以断面Ⅱ最高,黄水河支流高于渫水河干流,而渫水干流中段的现存量最小。种类组成上,由于桡足类和枝角类对重金属污染较为敏感,检出种类极少,且均是耐污型,轮虫则以α-β型种类为主,纤毛虫比例不高,只在断面Ⅱ和断面Ⅳ超过肉足虫比例。渫水河的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson物种多样性指数、Margalef物种丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数值均<2。生物多样性指数与As含量不相关(r=0.674),但轮虫密度与As含量显著相关(r=0.931)。浮游动物密度与TN显著相关(r=0.826),TN对渫水河的浮游动物群落组成起着关键作用,而As只对轮虫的生物量影响较大,并不能决定整个浮游动物的群落结构。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Xieshui River and its tributaries have different levels of arsenic pollution. To reveal the ecological effects of arsenic pollution and explore prevention measure，distribution and seasonal change of zooplankton species in Xieshui River and its tributaries were investigated in this study，meanwhile，relationships between zooplankton density and arsenic contents，TN，and TP were estimated. Three surveys were carried out and 8 sampling sections were set during 2006一2007. 166 species of zooplankton were found，among which,protozoa(95 species)>rotifers(55species)>copepods(10 species)>cladoceras(6 species)，and 104 species were found in rainy season，much more than that in other seasons. The zooplankton biomass in rainy season is the largest，and the least in dry season. As to the spatial distribution，zooplankton biomass in section Ⅱwas more than those of the other sections，and zooplankton biomass in Huangshui river tributary was more than that of the main river. As Copepods and Cladoceras are sensitive to heavy metal pollution，a few species with strong pollution endurance were found. Rotifers were mainly α一βtype. And ciliate ratio was low，just a few more in section Ⅱand Ⅳ.The Shannon-Wiener, Simpson，Margalef and Pielou index were calculated，and all these indexes were less than 2. The biodiversity indexes were irrelevant to arsenic content (the correlation coefficient was 0. 674)，but rotifer density was significantly correlated with arsenic content (the correlation coefficient was 0. 931).Zooplankton density was significantly associated with TN (the correlation coefficient was 0. 826). Obviously，TN played a key role in zooplankton community composition. Arsenic content only affected rotifer biomass and could not decide the entire zooplankton community structure. |
| 郑金秀,周连凤,胡菊香,汪红军,彭 祺.2012.渫水河砷污染环境中浮游动物的群落特征研究[J].水生态学杂志,33(6):56-61. |
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