| 三峡库区笋溪河流域水质评价及其空间差异 |
| Assessment and Spatial Variation of Water Quality in the Sunxi River Basin in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area |
| 投稿时间：2020-01-31 修订日期：2020-03-14 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.202001310026 |
| 中文关键词:笋溪河 三峡库区 面源污染 氮污染 水质评价 |
| 英文关键词:Sunxi River Three Gorges Reservoir area non-point source pollution nitrogen pollution water quality assessment |
| 基金项目:国家十三五重点研发计划（2017YFC0505306） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解三峡水库库尾地区面源污染现状，以重庆市江津区笋溪河流域为研究对象，利用综合水质识别指数、内梅罗指数和主成分分析方法对笋溪河水质进行评价，主要评价指标有水温、pH、电导率、溶解氧、化学需氧量、总氮和总磷。结果表明：1）笋溪河流域溶解氧（5.98~8.7 mg/L）、化学需氧量（2~14 mg/L）和总磷（0.008~0.105 mg/L）均处于Ⅰ类或Ⅱ类水质，总氮（0.64~2.03 mg/L）处于Ⅲ类~Ⅴ类水质，污染严重。2）三种水质评价方法均显示下游水体质量劣于上游地区，内梅罗指数的评价结果更能体现当地水质现状。3）笋溪河上下游之间，溶解氧为上游显著高于下游，水温、pH、电导率、化学需氧量和总氮均为下游显著高于上游（P＜0.05）。因此，在后续管理中应提升城镇污水和农村污水的处理率，提高水肥利用率，以消减污染负荷、控制水污染趋势，从而改善区域水环境质量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Non-point source (NPS) pollution is a primary threat to the aquatic environment and it is therefore important to strengthen research on river NPS pollution to support conservation of river ecosystems. To understand the status of NPS pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, we analyzed the pollution status and spatial variation of dissolved oxygen (DO)，chemical oxygen demand (COD)，total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the Sunxi River basin, located in the Jiangjin District of Chongqing City. The water quality of Sunxi River basin was assessed using the comprehensive water quality identification index, the Nemerow index and principal component analysis. In October 2018, water samples were collected at 40 sampling sites from upstream to downstream along the Sunxi River, and seven water quality parameters were measured, including water temperature (WT), pH, conductivity，DO, COD, TN and TP. Results show that: (1) WT increased from upstream (16.34±0.96 ℃) to downstream (17.77±0.36 ℃). The ranges of DO (5.98-8.7 mg/L)，COD (2-14 mg/L) and TP (0.008-0.105 mg/L) all fell between national standards for Class I and Class II water bodies (GB3838-2002)，and TN (0.64-2.03 mg/L) was classified as Class III and V, indicating serious pollution in Sunxi River. (2) Water quality evaluation by the three water quality assessment methods all show that downstream water quality was inferior to upstream, but the Nemerow index better reflects local water quality status. (3) In terms of the spatial distribution, DO was significantly higher upstream, but WT，pH，conductivity，COD and TN were significantly higher downstream (P＜0.05). The difference between upstream and downstream TP was not significant. To improve the regional water environment quality, we recommend reducing pollutant loads and improving treatment of urban and rural sewage and using less water and fertilizer. |
| 郑永林,王海燕,秦倩倩,杨丹丹,王一格,张正贵.2021.三峡库区笋溪河流域水质评价及其空间差异[J].水生态学杂志,42(4):1-9. |
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