| 绿狐尾藻对不同铵硝配比的生理响应 |
| Physiological Response of Myriophyllum aquaticum Exposed to Different NH4＋/NO3－ Ratios |
| 投稿时间：2019-07-26 修订日期：2021-01-21 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.201907260186 |
| 中文关键词:铵硝配比 绿狐尾藻 生长特性 生理响应 |
| 英文关键词:NH4＋/NO3－ ratio Myriophyllum aquaticum plant growth characteristics physiological response |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0101100)；中科院重点研究项目(QYZDJ-SSW-DQC041)；湖南省国际科技创新合作基地项目(2018WK4012) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着近年来人工湿地技术的兴起，水生植物绿狐尾藻（Myriophyllum aquaticum）在治理养殖废水方面备受关注。为了探究高氨养殖废水中一定比例的硝态氮对绿狐尾藻生长及生理特征的影响，采用营养液培养，在总氮浓度为15 mmol/L的条件下，以纯铵处理为对照，设置NH4＋: NO3－=3:1和NH4＋: NO3－=1:1两个处理，研究绿狐尾藻对不同铵硝配比的生理响应。结果显示，培养第21天时，NH4＋: NO3－=1:1处理的相对生物量和相对茎高分别为（13.17±1.66）g和（35.31±1.20）cm，显著低于NH4＋: NO3－=3:1和对照处理（P<0.05）。不同处理下叶片中的氮含量高达（50.38±3.97）~（58.82±0.50） mg/g，显著高于茎中氮含量；但叶片中磷含量显著低于茎中的磷含量（P<0.05）。培养第21天时，3个处理之间的叶片磷含量差异均达到显著水平（P<0.05），表现为NH4＋: NO3－=1:1> NH4＋: NO3－=3:1>纯铵处理。NH4＋: NO3－=1:1和NH4＋: NO3－=3:1处理茎和叶片中的可溶性糖含量均显著高于对照处理（P<0.05）。NH4＋: NO3－=1:1处理茎和叶片中的叶绿素含量均显著高于对照和NH4＋: NO3－=3:1处理（P<0.05）。研究表明，当养殖废水中存在少量或不存在硝态氮时，有利于绿狐尾藻生长和生物量增加；当水体中硝态氮含量相对较高时，植株叶绿素和可溶性糖含量较高，对磷的吸收能力较强。绿狐尾藻在不同铵硝配比的水体中均能保持良好的生长状态和较强的氮磷吸收能力，该结果为绿狐尾藻高效净化不同来源的养殖废水提供了理论指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the development of artificial wetland technology in recent years, the macrophyte Myriophyllum aquaticum has attracted attention for treatment of swine wastewater. The influence of nitrate (NO3-) levels on the growth and physiological characteristics of M. aquaticum under conditions of high ammonium (NH4+) was explored, using a 21 day hydroponics experiment to study the response of M. aquaticum to different NH4＋/NO3－ ratios：100% NH4＋(control), NH4＋/NO3－= 3:1 and NH4＋/NO3－= 1:1. On day 21, the relative biomass (13.17g) and relative stem height (35.31cm) of M. aquaticum in the 1:1 treatment were significantly lower than those in the 3:1 (19.59g, 41.78cm) treatment and control(17.82g, 38.82cm) (P<0.05). The nitrogen content of leaves (50.38- 58.82mg/g) was significantly higher than the stem content (26.96-35.42mg/g), while the phosphorus content of leaves (5.17-7.38mg/g) was significantly lower than the stem content (8.44-9.88mg/g)(P<0.05). On Day 21, the phosphorus content of leaves differed significantly among treatments (P<0.05), in the following order: NH4＋/NO3－ratio = 1/1(7.38mg/g) > NH4＋/ NO3－ratio 3/1 (7.06mg/g)> control(6.76mg/g). The soluble sugar content of stems (6.43,5.04mg/g)and leaves(7.03,6.75mg/g) in both treatments were significantly higher than in the control (3.27, 3.58,mg/g)(P<0.05). The chlorophyll content of stems and leaves were significantly higher in the 1:1 treatment than either the 3:1 treatment or control (P<0.05). Wastewater containing little or no nitrate benefits the growth of M. aquaticum stem height and biomass. When nitrate concentration in water was relatively high, the plant contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar were high, and the uptake capacity of phosphorus was strong. In summary, M. aquaticum grows well and maintains strong nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity in waters with varying ratios of NH4＋/ NO3－. These results provide theoretical guidance supporting the use of M. aquaticum for purification of swine wastewater from different sources. |
| 张瑛,李宝珍,刘 锋,罗 沛,肖润林,吴金水.2021.绿狐尾藻对不同铵硝配比的生理响应[J].水生态学杂志,42(1):84-90. |
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