| 嘉兴南湖水系浮游植物群落结构及其环境影响因子 |
| Phytoplankton Community Structure and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in the Nanhu Lake Catchment, Jiaxing City |
| 投稿时间：2019-05-23 修订日期：2021-03-18 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.201905230131 |
| 中文关键词:南湖 浮游植物 群落结构 环境因子 |
| 英文关键词:Nanhu Lake phytoplankton community structure environmental factors |
| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项 (2017ZX07206-001-03) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为进一步了解嘉兴南湖的水生态特征，探究环境因子对浮游植物分布的影响规律，于2018年5月在南湖主干河流、主要出入湖口及南湖分别设置7个、6个和3个采样点，对浮游植物群落结构及分布进行调查。结果显示，南湖及其水系共发现浮游植物64种，隶属6门、47属，优势种有6种，分别是绿藻门游丝藻（Planctonema lauterbornii）、小球藻（Chlorella）和衣藻（Chlamydomonas）、硅藻门小环藻（Cyclotella）、隐藻门啮蚀隐藻（Cryptophyceae）和具尾蓝隐藻（Chrcomonas caudata），优势度分别为0.290、0.039、0.020、0.199、0.065和0.049。从空间分布来看，浮游植物平均密度为1 021.34×104 个/L，平均生物量为7.43 mg/L，其中南湖及主要出入湖口浮游植物种类（20种、25种）、密度（1 958 ×104 个/L、1 303 ×104 个/L）及生物量（14.95 mg/L、7.66 mg/L）均高于南湖7条主干河流（16种、378 ×104 个/L、4.01 mg/L），区域分布差异明显。各采样点浮游植物Shannon-Weiner多样性指数（H’）为1.59~2.70，平均值为2.18；Margalef丰富度指数（D）为0.77~1.53，平均值为1.20；Pielou均匀度指数（J’）为0.57~0.92，平均值为0.74；南湖各出入湖口多样性指数和丰富度指数较高，7条主干河流显示出较高的均匀度，而南湖水体多样性指数和均匀度指数均较低。营养状态评价发现，南湖水系大部分水体处于中-富营养水平，无贫营养水体。物种与环境典型对应分析表明，南湖水系浮游植物分布受电导率（EC）、pH、溶解氧（DO）、总溶解性固体（TDS）、浊度（TUB）、水温（WT）等水体基本理化指标以及总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、亚硝态氮（NO2-N）等水质指标双重作用影响，是决定南湖水系浮游植物分布的主要影响因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Nanhu Lake is formed by the confluence of several rivers in Jiaxing City. In May 2018, the phytoplankton community and water environmental factors were investigated at 16 sampling sites in Nanhu Lake and its river system (7 sites in the primary tributaries, 6 at lake inlets/outlets and 3 in the open area of Nanhu Lake). The objectives were to characterize the phytoplankton community and explore the relationship between phytoplankton distribution and environmental factors in the Nanhu Lake catchment. A total of 64 phytoplankton species were identified, belonging to 47 genera and 6 phyla. Green algae, diatoms and blue-green algae?were the major phytoplankton taxa in the survey area and six dominant species were identified, including Planctonema lauterbornii, Chlorella, Chlamydomonas, Cyclotella, Cryptophyceae and Chroomonas caudate, with corresponding dominance factors of 0.290, 0.039, 0.020, 0.199, 0.065 and 0.049. The mean density and biomass of the phytoplankton community were 1 021×104 cells/L and 7.43 mg/L and spatial variations were significant. In the open water of Nanhu Lake there were 20 species, 1 958×104 cells/L and 14.95 mg/L and at the inlets/outlets there were 25 species, 1 303×104 cells/L and 7.66 mg/L, both much higher than in the primary inflowing rivers where there were 16 species, 378×104 cells/L and 4.01 mg/L. The Shannon-Wiener diversity (H’), Margalef richness (D) and Pielou evenness (J’) indices for the study area were in the ranges of 1.59-2.70, 0.77-1.53 and 0.57-0.92, with average values of 2.18, 1.20 and 0.74, respectively. The Nanhu Lake inlets/outlets had higher Margalef richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity, while the primary inflowing rivers displayed a higher Pielou evenness. However, the Margalef richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity in the open area of Nanhu Lake were low. Eutrophication assessments based on the Margalef richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices indicated that Nanhu Lake and its river system were mesotrophic to eutrophic. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that conductivity, pH, dissolve oxygen (DO), total dissolved solid (TDS), turbidity (TUB), water temperature (WT) and nutrients [total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and nitrite (NO2-N)] were the primary environmental factors influencing phytoplankton distribution in the Nanhu Lake basin. |
| 马迎群,赵艳民,迟明慧,秦延文,张 雷,刘志超,杨晨晨.2021.嘉兴南湖水系浮游植物群落结构及其环境影响因子[J].水生态学杂志,42(2):42-48. |
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