| 三峡库区丰都江段鱼类早期资源现状研究 |
| Status of Early Stage Fish Resources in Fengdu Section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area |
| 投稿时间：2019-04-22 修订日期：2021-03-22 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.201904220101 |
| 中文关键词:三峡库区 丰都江段 鱼类早期资源 |
| 英文关键词:Three Gorges Reservoir Fengdu section early stage fish recourse |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFD0900903)；农业部项目“长江中上游重要渔业水域主要经济物种产卵场及洄游通道调查” |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探究三峡库区丰都江段鱼类早期资源现状，评估长江上游梯级水库群联合调度对鱼类早期资源的影响，可为三峡库区渔业资源管理和保护措施制定提供科学依据。2018年5-7月，在三峡库区丰都江段利用圆锥网在左岸、江心和右岸进行鱼卵、鱼苗逐日调查。结果显示，调查期间共采集鱼卵7 426粒、鱼苗15 461尾，隶属于5目、10科、40种（鱼卵16种，仔鱼36种），其中产漂流性卵鱼类18种。估算通过丰都断面的卵苗径流量为290.55×108 粒（尾），其中鱼卵89.84×108 粒，鱼苗200.71×108 尾；四大家鱼卵、苗径流量为2.24×108 粒（尾），其中鱼卵0.95×108 粒，鱼苗1.29×108 尾。调查期间出现3次产卵高峰，集中在5月下旬和6月下旬。各类仔鱼数量呈现出不同的时间动态，太湖新银鱼（Neosalanx taihuensis）、吻鰕虎鱼属（Rhinogobius sp.）、鲤（Cyprinus carpio）主要出现在5月，四大家鱼以及宜昌鳅鮀（Gobiobotia filifer）主要出现在6月。研究表明，三峡库区靠近库尾段的鱼类早期资源丰富，库尾江段仍存在四大家鱼产卵场。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The abundant fishery resources in Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) play an important role in maintaining the stability of the Yangtze River ecosystem. However, the intense human activities in the TGR have been affecting habitat continually, and the size and biodiversity of fishery resources is threatened. In this study, we explored the status of early stage fish resources in the Fengdu section of the TRG area and assessed the impact of operating the cascaded reservoirs in the upper Yangtze River on early stage fish. The results provide a scientific basis for the formulation of fishery resource management and protection measures in the TGR. From May to July 2018, a daily survey of fish eggs and larvae was conducted on the left bank, center and right bank of the Fengdu section of TGR using conical nets. A total of 15461 larvae and 7426 eggs were collected during the investigation, and 40 fish species belonging to 10 families and 5 orders (16 species of fish eggs and 36 species of fish larvae) were identified, with absolute dominance by Cyprinidae (28 species), accounting for 70.0% of the total fish species, followed by Cobitidae (7.5%). The number of fish species with drifting eggs was 18, accounting for 45.0% of the total species. The total recruitment of eggs and larvae during the investigation were estimated at 290.55×108, including 89.84×108 eggs and 200.71×108 larvae; and total recruitment of the four major Chinese carps were estimated at 2.24×108, including 0.95×108 eggs and 1.29×108 larvae. During the surveys, there were three spawning peaks, and they occurred in late May and late June. The quantities of larvae for different taxa presented obvious temporal variation, Neosalanx taihuensis, Rhinogobius sp., Cyprinus carpio mainly appeared in May, the major four Chinese carps, and Gobiobotia filifer mainly appeared in June. This study shows that there are abundant early stage fish resources in the TGR near the tail section of the reservoir, and there are still spawning grounds of the four major Chinese carps at the end of the TGR. |
| 赵 雯,高 雷,段辛斌,郑永华,陈大庆,刘绍平.2021.三峡库区丰都江段鱼类早期资源现状研究[J].水生态学杂志,42(2):49-55. |
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