| 明湖国家湿地公园10种水生植物的重金属富集特征 |
| Heavy Metal Accumulation by Ten Aquatic Plant Species in Minghu National Wetland Park |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-19 修订日期：2019-12-29 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2020.01.012 |
| 中文关键词:明湖国家湿地公园 水生植物 重金属 富集特征 |
| 英文关键词:Minghu National Wetland Park aquatic plants heavy metals heavy metal accumulation |
| 基金项目:贵州省科学技术厅项目(黔科合LH字[2015]7631)；六盘水师范学院科技创新团队(LPSSYKJTD201602)；六盘水师范学院实验教学示范中心(LPSSYsyjxsfzx201701)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用原子吸收分光光度法，测定六盘水明湖国家湿地公园10种水生植物体内及根部底泥中Zn、Cr、Ni、Pb、Cd、Mn、Cu的含量，对其根部底泥污染状况及重金属吸收与富集特征进行研究。结果表明，10种水生植物根部底泥受到重金属不同程度的污染，Cd的污染最为严重，污染强度Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Cr>Mn>Ni。通过10种水生植物体内重金属含量分析，狐尾藻（Myriophyllum verticillatum）地下部对Cr、Ni富集量最高，为67.20、57.84 mg/kg；喜旱莲子草（Alternanthera philoxeroides）地下部对Zn、Pb、Cd、Mn、Cu富集量最高，分别为1804.20、38.83、27.73、11913.75、13.58 mg/kg。进一步分析表明，狐尾藻、喜旱莲子草、再力花(Thalia dealbata)的根部对多种重金属有较强富集作用，狐尾藻地下部对Zn、Cd、Mn的富集系数为4.28、6.74和10.32；喜旱莲子草地下部对Zn、Cd、Mn的富集系数为6.13、10.70和8.81；再力花地下部对Cd、Mn富集系数为4.68、2.69。水葱（Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani）、黄菖蒲（Iris pseudacorus）、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata)、萍蓬草(Nuphar pumilum)、香蒲（Typha orientalis）、花叶芦竹(Arundo donax var. versicolor)对多种重金属的转移系数超过1，具有较强的转运能力，萍蓬草对Mn的转移系数最高，为9.82。研究表明，10种水生植物对明湖国家湿地公园环境有一定的净化作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Minghu National Wetland Park is a multifunctional wetland, a tourist destination providing water for irrigation and aquaculture in Liupanshui City, and its ecological/social value is directly related to water quality. Because of their importance in providing ecosystem services, aquatic plants and sediments have attracted increasing attention. In this study, we determined the heavy metal content of ten aquatic plants and their root zone sediments in Minghu National Wetland Park using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The investigation was carried out in September of 2016 and the heavy metals included Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr and Ni. The results were used to calculate biological concentration factors (BCF) and biological transfer factors (BTF) of each plant species toward each of the heavy metals. The objectives of the study were to provide a reference for selecting aquatic plants in Minghu National Wetland Park. Results show that metal accumulation in root zone sediments varied by metal, following the order Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Cr>Mn>Ni, with Cd posing the highest ecological risk. The heavy metal content of aquatic plants varied by species and the highest concentrations of Cr (67.20 mg/kg) and Ni (57.84 mg/kg) occurred in Myriophyllum verticillatum. The concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn and Cu were highest in Alternanthera philoxeroides, with respective concentrations of 1804.20, 38.83, 27.73, 1 1913.75 and 13.58 mg/kg. Furthermore, the roots of three aquatic plants (M. verticillatum, A. philoxeroides and Thalia dealbata) strongly accumulated heavy metals. For these species, the respective BCF values of Zn, Cd and Mn were 4.28, 6.74 and 10.32 in M. verticillatum; 6.13, 10.70 and 8.81 in A. philoxeroides and 4.68 and 2.69 (Cd and Mn) in T. dealbata. The BTF of most heavy metals in the other seven aquatic plants (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Iris pseudacorus, Phragmites australis, Pontederia cordata, Nuphar pumilum, Typha orientalis and Arundo donax var. versicolor) exceeded 1, but the BTF (9.82) of N. pumilum to Mn was highest，indicating that strong transfer can be achieved by all seven aquatic plants. Our results indicate that all ten aquatic plants play a role in purifying the water of Minghu National Wetland Park. |
| 李金辉,丁 薇,翁贵英,邓红江,张绪勇,张 旭.2020.明湖国家湿地公园10种水生植物的重金属富集特征[J].水生态学杂志,41(1):86-91. |
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