| 橡胶坝对西安灞河河道湿地旱柳群落的影响 |
| Influence of Rubber Dams on the Salix matsudana Community in the Bahe River Wetland of Xi’an |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-12 修订日期：2019-07-14 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2019.04.006 |
| 中文关键词:灞河河道湿地,旱柳, 群落衰退 |
| 英文关键词:Salix matsudana lodging bark cracking tree mortality rubber dams Xi'an Chan-Ba National Ecological District |
| 基金项目:西安市科技计划项目(项目编号：2016CXWL06) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对西安灞河下游A橡胶坝（浐灞河汇合处）和B橡胶坝（灞河南三环大桥）区段之间的的河道湿地旱柳进行了调查。该区段中游频繁受到水淹，旱柳死亡严重；上游临近B坝受水淹情况影响较小，旱柳长势良好。对这两处长势差异较大的旱柳群落的胸径等级结构、倒伏、树皮开裂以及生存状况进行了比较和分析。结果表明旱柳倒伏、树皮开裂以及死亡状况差异显著；倒伏和旱柳树皮开裂以及死亡正相关；树皮开裂个体数和柳树存活个体数呈显著的负相关。倒伏和树皮开裂是旱柳死亡的直接原因，采取降低橡胶坝水位、减少蓄排水次数和减缓蓄排水速度的措施能够形成较为稳定的河流湿地生态系统，可减轻树木死亡。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Bahe River is the main river of the Chan-Ba National Ecological District in Xi'an. The Salix matsudana community has been an important vegetation type and representative landscape in the Bahe River basin since ancient times. To develop water-oriented eco-tourism, a number of cascaded rubber dams were built in the Bahe River basin to raise the water level and improve the landscape, but increased flooding frequency in some sections has sharply decreased the area inhabited by S. matsudana. The objective of this study was to determine the reasons for S. matsudana decline and recommend countermeasures to guide rubber dam operation and wetland management. The investigation was carried out between rubber dams A and B in early June and late August of 2014. Diameter at breast height (DBH), lodging, bark cracking and survival rate of S. matsudana were measured and found to differ significantly in different sections of the study area. While S. matsudana grew well in the upper reach of the study area, where the willows are not affected by the operation of rubber dams, the S. matsudana community in the middle and lower reaches of the study area was in crisis, with serious lodging, bark cracking and high mortality rate. The mortality rate of S. matsudana was positively correlated with lodging and bark cracking and these are the direct cause of the high mortality of S. matsudana. Therefore, stabilizing the wetland ecosystem would benefit S. matsudana and reduce the mortality. Specific recommendations include decreasing the water level, lengthening the water storage-drainage cycle and reducing water velocity during drainage. |
| 杜喜春.2019.橡胶坝对西安灞河河道湿地旱柳群落的影响[J].水生态学杂志,40(4):42-47. |
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