| 龙感湖沉积物中重金属的垂直分布与评价研究 |
| Heavy Metals Vertical Distribution and Assessment of Sediments in Longgan Lake |
| 投稿时间：2017-05-21 修订日期：2018-07-16 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2018.04.005 |
| 中文关键词:龙感湖 重金属 沉积物 形态分析 污染评价 |
| 英文关键词:Longgan Lake heavy metals sediment speciation analysis pollution assessment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41301627) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究龙感湖沉积物中重金属的污染情况，为龙感湖的环境质量评价与生态环境的改善提供科学依据。本文使用顺序提取方法（SEP）将龙感湖沉积物中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、Mn和Ni这7种典型重金属元素提取出来，再利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）对其总量和不同形态含量进行测定，并测定不同深度的沉积年代。根据实验结果进行总量分析、趋势变化分析和污染评价，以及对各元素不同形态的比例进行比较分析。结果表明：在1901年至2011年这一百多年间，龙感湖沉积物中单种重金属元素的浓度平均值在7.16 ~ 274.40 mg/kg之间，其中Cd含量均远高于其流域背景值和长江中下游的其它湖泊，这可能与龙感湖流域内的大面积土地开垦、人口剧增和经济发展有关；Cr和Cd在某些年份超过了严重影响水平（SEL），且Cd已经达到了Igeo的重污染或严重污染等级；Mn和Pb的易游离成分比例较高，均在15%以上，但Cd的非残留态比例很小，从短期来看，对龙感湖的实际生态环境影响并不是很严重。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Longgan Lake is a water-passing lake, which collects the water from Taibai Lake and Erlang River, and discharges into Yangtze River. In order to study the concentrations of heavy metal elements in Longgan Lake, this paper used the sequential extraction procedure (SEP) to extract the extractable contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, Mn and Ni in the sediments of Longgan Lake. Concentrations of these seven heavy metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Connecting with geologic age data collected by isotope labeling method and experimental results, this study did the aggregate analysis and changing tendency analysis, used the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo) to assess the ecotoxicological effects of the heavy metals, compared the proportion of different speciations in each heavy metal element, tried to find out transfer rules, vertical distribution and chronological characteristics of heavy metals. The results showed: The individual concentrations of seven heavy metals were in the range of 7.16~274.40 mg/kg from 1901 to 2011 in Longgan Lake. The average contents of these seven heavy metals followed the order: Mn>Zn>Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd. The average concentration of Cd in the sediments was much higher than both the background value in Longgan basin and other lakes in the middle and lower Yangtze River. It could be attributed to the Longgan Lake basin’s large area of land reclamation and population and the rapid economic growth in the research time. In some years, the total concentrations of Cr and Cd had exceeded the Serious Effect Level (SEL). Based on the results of Igeo, it could be concluded that Cd had reached the Heavily to extremely polluted level or Extremely polluted level and became the main pollution element of heavy metals in Longgan Lake. The order of the percentages of variable fractions (F1: Mild acido-soluble fraction + F2: Reducible fraction) of these seven heavy metals was: Mn (15.63%~49.55%) > Pd (22.93%~37.30%) > Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni (1.51%~5.13%) > Cd (about 0.00%). Both of the percentages of variable fractions of Mn and Pb were above 15%. But the percentage of variable fraction of Cd was small, and its ecological environmental impact was not very serious. |
| 刘祖发,陈记臣,卓文珊,唐建锋,付雪莲,张疋亥.2018.龙感湖沉积物中重金属的垂直分布与评价研究[J].水生态学杂志,39(4):31-36. |
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