| 图们江陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼的个体繁殖力 |
| Individual Fecundity of Landlocked Oncorhynchus masou in the Tumen River |
| 投稿时间：2016-08-04 修订日期：2018-01-25 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2018.01.014 |
| 中文关键词:马苏大麻哈鱼 陆封型 繁殖力 资源保护 |
| 英文关键词:Oncorhynchus masou landlocked population fecundity resource conservation |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系北京市鲟鱼鲑鳟鱼创新团队项目（SCGWZJ20121102-2）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究马苏大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus masou)资源保护策略和人工繁殖技术，对人工养殖的图们江陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼繁殖力进行了研究。对122尾不同养殖区域卵巢发育Ⅳ-Ⅴ期的马苏大麻哈鱼样本（其中延吉42尾、山东35尾、北京45尾）统计分析，（1）体重209~845 g，平均为(512±206) g；体长17.0~39.5 cm，平均为(26.81±6.53) cm。（2）绝对繁殖力410~3075粒，平均为(1485±797)粒；体重相对繁殖力1.93~3.64粒/g，平均为(2.72±0.47)粒/g；体长相对繁殖力23.60~77.85粒/cm，平均为(51.35±17.60)粒/cm；（3）Ⅴ期卵巢性腺指数14.85%~27.93%，平均为(20.97±3.57)%。繁殖力随着体重、体长、性腺指数增加而提高（P<0.01）。通过人工驯养和移植培育，改变了马苏大麻哈鱼在自然环境下雌鱼卵巢发育不成熟的现象，而且繁殖力明显提高。移植到北京和山东后，其繁殖力极显著高于原产地(P<0.01)。国产陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼具有规模化人工繁育的优势，能够为野生种群资源增殖提供苗种补充。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore resource conservation strategies and artificial breeding techniques for Oncorhynchus masou, we studied and compared the fecundity of landlocked Oncorhynchus masou from different geographical areas. The test fish were all offspring of wild Oncorhynchus masou from the Tumen River and seedlings, obtained by artificial domestication and breeding of the wild Oncorhynchus masou, were cultured in ponds with running water and fed formula feed. The female-male ratio of landlocked Oncorhynchus masou is uneven and females are the key factor influencing large-scale artificial breeding, so our current study was based on 122 females from Yanji (42 specimens), Shandong (35 specimens) and Beijing (45 specimens), with an ovary state of IV and V. The ranges of the body weight and body length of test fish were 209 - 845g and 17.0 - 39.5 cm, with average values of (512±206) g and (26.81±6.53) cm. The ovary weight at stage V, gonad index, absolute fecundity, the relative fecundity by weight and length ranged, respectively, from 34-236 g, 14.85 %-27.93 %, 410-3075 eggs, 1.93-3.64 eggs per gram, 23.60-77.85 eggs per cm, with average values of (114±61) g, (20.97±3.57) %, (1485±797) eggs, (2.72±0.47 ) eggs per gram and (51.35±17.60) eggs per cm. The increases in fecundity with body weight, body length and gonad index of Oncorhynchus masou were highly significant (P<0.01). The differences in body weight, ovary weight, absolute fecundity, relative fecundity and gonad index of Oncorhynchus masou were also highly significant (P<0.01) among the three geographic locations, and the fecundity of Oncorhynchus masou cultured in Beijing and Shandong was significantly higher than that of in origin place of Yanji (P<0.01). Artificial domestication and change in culture environment altered female maturation and significantly increased the fecundity of Oncorhynchus masou. Landlocked Oncorhynchus masou has the potential for large-scale artificial breeding and can provide fingerlings to supplement wild population resources. |
| 陈春山,郭明磊,杜迎春,刘 宁,马龙.2018.图们江陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼的个体繁殖力[J].水生态学杂志,39(1):91-97. |
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