| 千岛湖浮游植物群落结构时空分布及其与环境因子的关系 |
| Spatial and Seasonal Distribution of Phytoplankton in Qiandao Lake and Relationship with Environmental Factors Lake Qiandaohu |
| 投稿时间：2016-05-03 修订日期：2017-07-24 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.05.007 |
| 中文关键词:浮游植物 群落结构 时空分布 环境因子 新安江水库 |
| 英文关键词:phytoplankton community structure spatial and seasonal distribution environmental factors Xin’anjiang Reservoir |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（农业）专项“湖泊水库养殖容量及生态增养殖技术研究与示范”（201303056）；国家自然科学基金（31072218）；国家科技支撑项目“水库生态保水渔业及水环境调控技术研究与示范（2015BAD13B02）”；上海高校知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心（ZF1206）支撑项目“水库生态保水渔业及水环境调控技术研究与示范(2015BAD13B02)”、上海高校知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心(ZF1206)共同资助. |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究千岛湖浮游植物群落结构特征及其与主要环境因子的关联性，为了解千岛湖水环境变动规律及水环境的保护与管理提供依据。沿水流方向在水库上中下游依次设置5个采样点，2010年对千岛湖浮游植物群落开展了周年调查。共鉴定出浮游植物8门223种，其物种数、密度和生物量均主要由硅藻、蓝藻和绿藻组成。不同浮游植物门类物种数、密度和生物量组成比例站点间无显著差异；群落总密度和生物量站点间无显著差异，但有显著的季节变化，它们的垂直分布均呈现先增加后下降的趋势，在4~8 m水层具有最大值。Shannon多样性和Pielou均匀度指数在空间和季节间均无显著差异，但Margalef丰富度指数存在显著的季节和空间差异。聚类分析（CA）和多维尺度分析（MDS）表明，藻类物种组成在站点间无显著差异，但具有显著的季节变化，即分化为春季、冬季和夏秋季3种群落类型，春季群落主要特征种为颗粒直链藻及其狭窄变种和尖尾蓝隐藻，冬季为水华鱼腥藻、颗粒直链藻狭窄变种和脆杆藻，夏秋群落为网状空星藻、水华鱼腥藻和梅尼小环藻。相关性分析表明，浮游植物密度和生物量与水温、pH值、CODMn和Chl-a显著正相关，与SD和DO显著负相关；生物量与SiO32--Si显著正相关。典范对应分析（CCA）显示，水温、DO和NO3--N及pH值是影响浮游植物时空分布的主要因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Phytoplankton is a good indicator of changes in the water environment of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. In this study, we characterized the phytoplankton community structure and its relationship to environmental factors in Qiandao Lake, based on monthly sampling in 2010 and multivariate statistical analysis. The study will help understanding of the changes in water quality in Qiandao Lake and provide data to support conservation and management of aquatic resources. Qiandao Lake, originally named Xin’anjiang Reservoir is in the mountain region of western of Zhejiang Province, near the border of Anhui Province, and is an important water resource of Qiantang River. Five sampling sites were located on Qiandao Lake: S1, in the river section of upper Qiandao Lake; S3 and S4, in the transition zone between riverine and open water sections; S8 and S9, in the open lake area of lower Qiandao Lake. From January to December of 2010, composite water samples from different layers were collected monthly at each sampling site for phytoplankton identification, counting, density and biomass calculation. Environmental parameters were measured in situ and water samples collected for lab , including water temperature (T), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, diaphaneity (SD)，total nitrogen (TN) , total phosphorus (TP) , nitrate nitrogen (NO3—N) , nitrite nitrogen (NO2—N), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), permanganate Index (CODMn), Chl-a and silicates (SiO32--Si). A total of 223 species belonging to 8 phyla were identified, with absolute dominance by Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta in terms of species number, density and biomass. Species number, density and biomass did not differ significantly among sampling stations. Total density and biomass of the phytoplankton community was also similar among the five stations, but varied significantly with season. Vertical distribution of phytoplankton density and biomass peaked at depths of 4-8 m and then decreased. No significant spatial and seasonal variations were observed in Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness indices, but differences in the Margalef species richness index were significant. Cluster analysis (CA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis show that the species composition of phytoplankton communities varied seasonally but not spatially. The seasonal species composition of phytoplankton communities clustered into three groups: spring cluster (SC), winter cluster (WC) and summer-autumn cluster (SAC). The SC was characterized by Melosira granulata, Melosira granulata var. angustissima and Chroomonas acuta, the WC by Anabaena flos-aquae, M. Granulata var. angustissima and a species of the genus Fragilaria, and the SAC by Coelastrum reticulatum, A. flos-aquae and Cyclotella meneghiniana. There was a significant positive correlation of phytoplankton density and biomass with WT, pH, CODMn and Chl-a, and of biomass with SiO32—Si, but significant negative correlations with SD and DO. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) shows that WT, DO, pH and nitrate nitrogen were the key environmental factors responsible for differences in spatial and seasonal distribution of phytoplankton in Qiandao Lake. |
| 胡忠军,莫丹玫,周小玉,任丽萍,王金朋,何光喜,陈来生,刘其根.2017.千岛湖浮游植物群落结构时空分布及其与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,38(5):46-54. |
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