| 湖北省典型湖泊湿地生物多样性评价研究 |
| Biodiversity Assessment of Typical Lake Wetlands in Hubei Province |
| 投稿时间：2015-12-28 修订日期：2017-06-04 |
| DOI：10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.03.003 |
| 中文关键词:湖泊湿地 生物多样性 评价 湖北省 |
| 英文关键词:lake wetlands biodiversity evaluation Hubei Province |
| 基金项目:湖北省环保科研项目（2013HB03) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 计算并比较湖泊的生物多样性指数和评价等级，为湖北省湖泊湿地生物多样性保护和管理提供参考依据。10个湖泊为洪湖、梁子湖、长湖、斧头湖、龙感湖、保安湖、网湖、东湖、沉湖和涨渡湖，选取物种多度、物种相对丰度、稀有物种、群系多度、湿地类型、保护地类型、外来物种入侵、植物破坏程度、保护意识和管理水平等9项评价指标构建湖泊湿地生物多样性评价体系，指标权重通过专家咨询法与层级分析法确定。结果表明：10个湖泊湿地生物多样性指数分别为洪湖81.2、梁子湖73.3、沉湖67.8、龙感湖65.6、网湖64.6、涨渡湖49.4、长湖48.6、斧头湖42.7、东湖44.0、保安湖37.1；生物多样性等级洪湖为“丰富”；梁子湖、龙感湖、沉湖为“较丰富”；长湖、网湖、涨渡湖为“一般”；斧头湖、保安湖、东湖为“较贫乏”。分析了生物多样性较低的湖泊湿地存在的主要问题，并提出了保护建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Lake wetlands are an important type of natural wetlands that not only play a crucial role in protecting water quality, decreasing flood severity, regulating climate, preventing soil erosion and degrading pollutants, but also provide habitat for many wild animals and plants. Hubei Province is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and known as "the province of thousands of lakes". However, the wetland resources in Hubei Province have been severely overexploited and biodiversity has declined dramatically, according to the Second National Wetland Resources Survey. In this study, we developed a biodiversity evaluation system for the lake wetland and a biodiversity index that was then applied to ten typical lakes in Hubei Province： Honghu Lake, Liangzi Lake, Changhu Lake, Futou Lake, Longgan Lake, Baoan Lake, Wanghu Lake, East Lake, Chenhu Lake and Zhangdu Lake. The study provides reference for the biodiversity conservation and management of lake wetlands in Hubei Province. .The biodiversity evaluation system for lake wetlands consists of nine parameters, including species abundance, species relative abundance, rare species, population abundance, wetland type, protection level, invasive species, plant damage degree, conservation awareness and management level. The index weight of each parameter was determined using the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the index score was then used to rank the biodiversity into one of six categories. The wetland biodiversity index and level of each lake are as follows: Honghu Lake (81.2, rich in biodiversity); Liangzi Lake (73.3, relatively rich in biodiversity); Chenhu Lake (67.8, relatively rich in biodiversity); Longgan Lake (65.6, relatively rich in biodiversity); Wanghu Lake (64.6, average in biodiversity); Zhangdu Lake (49.4, average in biodiversity); Changhu Lake (48.6, average in biodiversity); Futou Lake (42.7, relatively poor in biodiversity); East Lake (44.0, relatively poor in biodiversity); Baoan Lake (37.1, relatively poor in biodiversity). In lakes with low biodiversity, the primary causes were identified and the biodiversity of the lake wetlands was found to be most influenced by lake area, diversity of habitat types, degree of disturbance by anthropogenic activities and management intensity. We recommend that local governments establish lake protection institutions, delimit the scope of protection, reduce human disturbance and increase awareness of wetland conservation. |
| 杨杰峰,杜丹,田思思,董文龙,杨旭,闵水发.2017.湖北省典型湖泊湿地生物多样性评价研究[J].水生态学杂志,38(3):15-22. |
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